Otomobil Motor Yağı Alternatiflerinin FUCOM, MAIRCA, MABAC ve BWM Yöntemleri ile Değerlendirilmesi
Volkan Genç, Aşkın Özdağoğlu, Murat Kemal KeleşOtomobillerde kullanılan motor yağlarının; yakıt sarfiyatı, motorun parçalarında oluşan sürtünmelerin etkisiyle meydana gelecek aşınma, motorun verimliliği ve performansı gibi bir çok unsura etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu yüzden kaliteli bir motor yağı seçilmesi otomobilin motorunun performansını artırmak, verimli kullanmak ve ömrünü uzatmak açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hususi otomobillere yönelik otomotiv sektöründe öncü markaların Türkiye’de satışa sunmuş olduğu 5w30 motor yağl alternatifleri arasından en optimal olanı belirlemektir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak konusunda uzman olan teknik kişiler tarafından sekiz adet kriter belirlenmiştir. Kriterlerin ağırlıkları ılık iklime sahip İzmir ve karasal iklime sahip Erzurum düşünülerek iki farklı iklim şartına göre yeni ağırlıklandırma yöntemlerinden olan BWM ve FUCOM yöntemleri ile bulunmuştur. Çalışma kapsamındaki beş motor yağı alternatifi ise İzmir ve Erzurum için bulunan kriter ağırlıklarına göre MABAC ve MAIRCA yöntemleri ile sıralanmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre kriter ağırlıklandırmasında; İzmir için ilk sırada “viskozite 100” kriteri çıkarken Erzurum için ise “soğuk marş simulatörü” kriteri birinci olmuştur. Gerek İzmir gerekse de Erzurum için son sırada yer alan kriter ise “Viskozite indeksi” kriteridir. İzmir ve Erzurum iklim şartlarına göre MAIRCA ve MABAC yöntemleri ile yapılan motor yağlarının değerlendirilmesinde ise İzmir ve Erzurum için motor yağı alterantiflerinin sıralaması aynı çıkmıştır. Analizler sonunda bulunan sonuçlar karşılaştırılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Evaluation of Automobile Engine Oil Alternatives with FUCOM, MAIRCA, MABAC and BWM Methods
Volkan Genç, Aşkın Özdağoğlu, Murat Kemal KeleşEngine oils used in automobiles have an impact on many factors such as fuel consumption, wear that will occur with the effect of friction in the parts of the engine, efficiency and performance of the engine. Therefore, choosing a quality engine oil is important in terms of increasing the performance of the car’s engine, using it efficiently and prolonging its life. The aim of this study is to determine the most optimal one among the 5w30 engine oil alternatives for private cars offered by leading brands in the automotive industry in Turkey. For this purpose, eight criteria have been determined by technical people who are experts in their fields. The weights of the criteria were found by considering two different climatic conditions, namely İzmir with a warm climate and Erzurum with a continental climate, using the new weighting methods BWM and FUCOM. The five engine oil alternatives were listed according to the criteria weights found for İzmir and Erzurum by MABAC and MAIRCA methods. In the light of the analysis, the “viscosity 100” criterion was the first for İzmir, the “cold starting simulator” criterion was the first for Erzurum. The last criterion for both İzmir and Erzurum is the “Viscosity index” criterion. In the evaluation of engine oils made by MAIRCA and MABAC methods according to the climate conditions of Izmir and Erzurum, the order of engine oil alternatives for Izmir and Erzurum was the same. In the last pahse the results were compared and suggestions were made.
Engine oil is a liquid that forms a protective film layer on the moving parts of the engine, reducing wear and friction, as well as preventing rust and corrosion with the compounds it contains. This fluid also assists the vehicle cooling system at the temperature point by lowering heat created during engine operation, cooling it in the crankcase, and re-joining it in the system cycle with each oil circulation. Many elements, such as engine performance, wear due to friction in engine parts, and fuel consumption, are directly influenced by the engine oil used in an automobile. As a result, selecting a high-quality engine oil is critical if you want to keep your car’s engine running longer and more efficiently.
The goal of this research is to find the best 5w30 engine oil for private cars among the 5w30 engine oils available for sale in Turkey by the industry’s main companies. The WSS-M2C913-D specification has been determined for the five mineral engine oil replacements under consideration. Experts established the eight criteria employed in the study. “Viscosity index,” “Viscosity 40-100 °C mm2/S,” “Density,” “Flash Point,” “Flow Point,” “Cold Start,” and “Ash Sulphate value” are the variables to examine while picking the best engine oil. A choice will be made between five distinct mineral oil brand options based on these parameters. The manufacturers’ ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) procedures yielded test results that provided values for the technical parameters that influence selection. Engine oil selection criteria were analyzed for two alternative scenarios, taking into account the conditions in Izmir province, which has a pleasant climate, and Erzurum province, which has a harsh continental environment.
The FUCOM, MAIRCA, MABAC, and BWM approaches, which are innovative methodologies, were applied in the study. The criteria weights were determined separately using the FUCOM and BWM multi-criteria decision-making procedures, based on the climate circumstances of two different regions, namely the Aegean and continental climates. MAIRCA and MABAC methodologies are used to rank the five mineral motor oil alternatives according to the criteria weights obtained in both climatic conditions. Owing to the fact that there are negative values in the matrix, the MAIRCA and MABAC approaches were preferred to be able to pick amongst options.
According to the findings of the analysis, the viscosity 100 criterion is first for Izmir, and the cold start simulator criterion is first for Erzurum, in a weighing of the criteria based on the conditions of Izmir and Erzurum. The Viscosity index criterion is the eighth and final criterion in the context of both zmir and Erzurum. The identical alternatives was found for both Izmir and Erzurum in the engine oil rankings established according to different climate conditions using the MAIRCA and MABAC methodologies. The main reason for this is that every option that complies with the WSS-M2C913-D standard in Turkey and is available on the market can perform its function in a variety of climatic and temperature conditions throughout our country’s geography. The study’s fundamental disadvantage is that it is limited to the geography of Turkey; if it had been conducted over a wider range of foreign geographies, the results could have varied according to climatic circumstances.
There was no study discovered in the literature that used Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodologies to choose engine oil options for autos. This will be the first study in the literature to establish and weight engine oil selection criteria for automobiles based on different environmental circumstances, and then use MCDM methods to select the best engine oil alternative. As a result, it is expected to be innovative and contribute to the literature. Furthermore, it is anticipated that this research will be advantageous to both automobile consumers and employees in the automotive industry, as well as engine oil manufacturers and marketers.
