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Ghazavatname refers to the epic and popular literary works that narrate the ghazas, i.e., the wars that the Ottomans waged against Christian states. The word is a compound of the Arabic ghaza (pl. ghazavat, “holy war”) and the Persian name (“letter” or “narrative”). Initially, its meaning was related to the idea of going to war, i.e., waging war. Subsequently, the term was used to refer to wars waged against the enemies of one’s religion and was understood as jihad.The first examples of such texts appeared in the Arabic literature as maghazi. They dealt with the wars waged by the Prophet of Islam against “unbelievers.” Later, such ghaza narratives were dedicated to the Prophets’ gender, Ali, or to his uncle, Hamza. They were read, listened to, and greatly appreciated by the Turkish-speaking communities of Anatolia. These ghaza narratives could be considered to have influenced the development of ghazavatnames.In such works, one generally finds an epic hero, who is the center of the story, waging a ghaza. We can classify these works into three categories based on their topics. The first category narrates the ghaza of a sultan; it is known as Selimname or Süleymanname—from Selim Ist (r. 1512–1520) or Süleyman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566)—and constitutes a specific genre. The second category of works deals with the ghaza of a vizier or famous commander, such as the ghazavatname of Hayreddin Paşa Barbarossa, Köprülüzâde Fâzıl Ahmed Paşa, Özdemiroğlu Osman Paşa, or Mihaloğlu Ali Bey. Finally, the works of the third category narrate the conquest of a special place or fortress.The first examples of ghazavatname are from the 15th century; their number increases in the 16th century because of the increasing numbers of conquests and military successes during this time. In fact, the best ghazavatnames appeared in this period. Ghazavatnames later declined possibly as a result of the decline of the Ottoman Empire; the multiplying defeats&nbsp;and the fall of the Empire influenced the disappearance of the ghazavatnames. To date, 270 ghazavatnames have been known.To the best of my knowledge, no scholar other than Agah Sırrı Levend has explored the literary genre of the ghazavatname; no one has elaborated on the style of these historical narratives. Till date, there has been no reflection on the ghazavatname genre. Scholars have primarily worked on transcribing these Arabic texts in Latin or have performed linguistic analyses. Levend’s book provides some information regarding the ghazavatnames and lists the known works, including Mihailoğlu’s ghazavatname. While Levend’s book is of immense value, his list is not perfectly rigorous as it includes certain works that cannot be considered ghazavatnames. This confusion may be attributable to the fact that Ottoman chronicles of that period shared certain similarities with ghazavatnames.In the first part of this study, the ghazavatnames are investigated from a literary point of view. A challenge in this study was the limited number of reference works available. Notably, the ghazavatnames are of the artificial epic genre (such being my conclusion), but Turkish and foreign scholars have primarily worked on natural epics with a nationalist approach. As the artificial epics were not composed within the people but were written in an artificial manner, they attracted little literary interest despite their value as historical sources. Thus, I could find limited information regarding the artificial epics, the manner in which they appeared, and their criteria. Thus, I attempted to define the ghazavatname genre by comparing it with the natural epics.In the second part, the ghazavatnames are examined in their historical context. Because these works narrate wars, i.e., historical events, I attempted to determine how they relate these events, particularly whether they manipulate them or not and why. I proceeded by first creating a summary of each ghazavatname and then trying to answer my questions by comparing these summaries with contemporaneous historical Ottoman and non-Ottoman chronicles and with historians’ works on the period.The analysis showed that the aim of the ghazavatnames was not to relate Ottoman history as is but to glorify the ghaza and the ghazis. Therefore, we can say that historical events that are not linked to war do not find a place in ghazavatnames. If an author speaks about a historical event that is not a war, such referencing will only be aimed at fulfilling the author’s primary purpose. Moreover, the narration of historical events is not always truthful. With his purpose in mind, the author may manipulate historical facts or even invent them.The language of the ghazavatnames has the linguistic characteristics of the 15th century Ottoman Turkish. As far as the heroes are concerned, some types are easily identifiable, such as the ghazi sultan, the Muslim warrior, the king or lord of the unbelievers, the women, and the coward. We do not learn much about the heroes’ lives, which are mentioned during the ghaza only when they are useful to the story. No period other than wartime is worth the author’s attention. The place and time of the events are precisely indicated, in conformity with historical facts. Authors may even provide a precise date. Finally, as the events described are not very ancient, supernatural aspects are rarely found in the ghazavatname.

Ghazavatnames as a Litterary Genre and Periodic Content Analysis

Tarık

Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Aquifers, known as “free groundwater” in Turkish, are permeable rock formations containing water. Their porous nature renders aquifers abundant in water resources. However, changes in land use and cover affect the characteristics of aquifer’s streams, rivers, and recharge zones, influencing both the availability and quality of water resources. Presently, freshwater resources, crucial for human survival, face threats due to human activities and climate change induced by these activities. As engineering and technical capabilities continue to advance, humanity’s options for transforming water systems and supply are expanding. Among these options, strategically significant aquifer resources emerge as a key alternative for accessing clean water resources. Consequently, regions experiencing water scarcity may become potential areas of conflict in the future, thereby heightening the strategic importance and necessity of aquifers in water policy. In response, policymakers in water-scarce regions prioritize increasing technical capacity to utilize aquifer resources for clean water provision. This underscores the sufficiency of aquifers as underground water reserves to fulfill both current and future agricultural and drinking water needs in many regions. Furthermore, the storage of soil moisture and surface water in shallow depressions contributes significantly to meeting current demands, thus reducing reliance on surface water resources.Aquifers, shared by many countries akin to transboundary rivers and lakes, are sources of contemporary international conflicts and issues, reminiscent of historical occurrences. While not as widely recognized the public as conflicts stemming from other transboundary water resources, conflicts related to aquifers have roots tracing back to ancient times. In fact, conflicts over aquifers in various regions of America and Asia have persisted for many years. Notably, conflicts have arisen from aquifer systems linked to rivers such as the Indus, Brahmaputra, and Ganges in Asia and the Parana (Guarani), Rio Grande, and Colorado in America. Presently, similar to the past, the potential for conflict remains high in river basins and associated aquifers in South Asia and South America. Particularly, the regions with the greatest conflict potential in these geographies are those housing the Brahmaputra and Guarani river basins and their respective aquifer systems. Consequently, an analysis was conducted to understand the role of the Brahmaputra and Guarani basins and aquifer systems in international conflicts.Water, being a limited natural resource, holds immense importance for ensuring food security and promoting sustainable development. This significance is particularly evidence&nbsp;for countries like India, China, and others. For instance, India, despite having over 18% of the global population and 2.4% of the world’s land area, possesses only 4% of renewable water resources. Moreover, the foreseeable increase in water-related conflicts among nations is attributed to factors such as climate change induced floods, drought, population growth, and the necessity to cater to the escalating demands of rapidly developing nations. Similarly, China faces similar challenges regarding water security, with internal pressures to effectively manage water resources to meet national requirements. The geopolitical dynamics of regions like Arunachal Pradesh, situated within the Brahmaputra/Yarlung Tsangpo River basin, holds critical importance for both India and China. Issues surrounding water sharing, extending to include aquifer security, have contributed to border disputes in the region. India vehemently rejects all of China’s claims over Arunachal Pradesh, while China continues to assert its claims, causing persistent tensions with India over the area.The Guarani Aquifer System stretches across central–western Brazil, Paraguay, and southeastern and southern regions of Brazil, northeastern Argentina, as well as central and western Uruguay. Covering an area of approximately 1.2 million km2 , this aquifer system is home to an estimated 15 million people, with nearly 70% residing in Brazil. With a total recharge area of 150,000 km2 and an average thickness of 250 m, it reaches a maximum thickness of 800 m, with depth ranging from near zero at the surface areas along the Guarani border (Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay) to over 1,000 m below the surface at its center. The Guarani Aquifer System receives an average annual recharge of 160 km3 and is estimated to contain around 40,000 km3 of fresh water based on hydrogeological studies. Approximately 90% of this freshwater volume is deemed potable. Notably, the water reserves of the Guarani Aquifer System are equivalent to more than 125 years’ worth of total water flow in the Paraná River. It is projected that the aquifer system can sustainably provide water for 360 million people at a rate of 300 L/day per person over a span of 100 years.

Aquifer Security and the Place of the Aquifer in International Conflicts

Taner

Prof. Dr.

Espionage has entered a new stage of development in the business world at the end of the Cold War and has affected globalization and technology. At this point, the widespread use of cyberspace brings several security risks and threats to companies. The main problem in defining how companies will be affected by these threats is that, in many cases, companies cannot detect incidents or disclose them because of commercial concerns. Companies operating in coordination with governments, particularly in high technology, military applications, and biotechnology, are particularly attractive targets for industrial espionage because they possess many valuable trade secrets and cutting-edge technologies. These assets could be worth billions of dollars to adversaries, and their theft could give rival or enemy states a significant military or economic advantage. In recent years, industrial espionage activities have significantly increased. This is partly due to technology competition with the United States, with China emerging as a major player in the global defense market. China has been accused of systematic industrial espionage against the United States and other Western countries to accelerate its military modernization. In addition to China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea are alleged to be performing these activities. Unauthorized access to confidential data, proprietary technologies, and intellectual property threatens not only the national security of states but also global security. In this context, understanding the dynamics of industrial espionage is becoming increasingly important for policymakers, defense agencies, and researchers engaged in developing national defense capabilities in an increasingly interconnected world. Thus, the targeting of confidential business details and technical information by some states or nonstate actors is considered within the scope of national security by states. In particular, countering such industrial espionage activities, instead of competitive intelligence, is included in the scope of counterespionage in intelligence organizations. As a result, business and commercial objectives are becoming increasingly important for intelligence organizations alongside military or political objectives. In this framework, although competitive intelligence and industrial espionage constitute the subject matter of corporate governance and security studies, they are addressed from the perspective of security studies. In this context, why have intelligence&nbsp;organizations had to intervene in the fight against such activities, which are a matter of the private sphere and primarily concern the corporate security of companies? In other words, why should intelligence organizations treat industrial espionage activities a security concern? In the fields of high technology, military applications, and biotechnology, the possibility that information, ideas, and trade secrets that should remain confidential could fall into the hands of rival or enemy states is perceived by states as a threat to economic security. From this viewpoint, the corporate security of companies operating in these fields is becoming increasingly important for states; therefore, the scope of the duties and powers of intelligence agencies is expanding to include the corporate security of companies against industrial espionage. Given the inability of national and international legislation to provide a comprehensive legal framework for industrial espionage, the role of intelligence agencies in ensuring corporate security is becoming increasingly important. Although many companies have corporate security departments, few companies have well-planned counterintelligence functions, given the increasing scale of industrial espionage activities. In addition, the fact that intelligence agencies resort to industrial espionage to provide military, economic, and technological advantages to their countries makes the already-weak corporate security departments of companies even more threatening. In addition to the aforementioned situations, the widespread use of cyberspace and the easy transfer of information/data across distances and national borders have resulted in various security risks and threats for companies. At this point, the detection of industrial espionage activities in cyberspace and the development of counter strategies also challenge corporate security departments. Thus, companies must seek support from their country’s intelligence agencies to ensure their corporate security. Currently, intelligence agencies and corporations are working together to prevent the threat of critical information and technological innovations being intercepted by other actors. However, this effort must be further developed, particularly by introducing common innovative approaches to detect cyber-attacks and other forms of industrial espionage. Ultimately, states and international organizations/institutions should ensure that severe sanctions and penalties are included in national and international legislation to increase deterrence against industrial espionage.

Competitive Intelligencea Industrial Espionage: a National Security Perspective

Başak

Nasir al-Din Shah’s Visit to Istanbul (1873): The Problem of the Legal Status of the Iranians

Sinem

When “Hope” Hits Borders: Post-1990 Migration from Bulgaria to Turkey

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@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Bengül

Assoc. Prof.

Ahmet

Kemalettin Sami Pasha And Berlın Embassy Actıvıtıes (1924-1934)

Seda

A Legal Struggle After Lausanne: Mixed Arbitral Tribunals

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Elşad

The Process To The Khojaly Massacre And Khojaly Massacre In The Turkish Press

Mustafa

Assist. Prof.

Russıa’s Polıcy In Syrıa In The New Geopolıtıcal Envıronment In The Mıddle East

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The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) is a research journal published within the Research Institute of Turkology at Istanbul University. It was established in 1924 and holds the distinction of being Turkey's first research institute. AVID aims to share scientific studies, with the academic world. Prepared in the field of social sciences related to the Eurasian region, spanning from Turkistan to the Caucasus, and from the Balkans to the Middle East.

The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries was first published in 2012 and is released twice a year, in March and September. It is an internationally refereed journal that is currently indexed by TR Index, Index Islamicus, Research Bible (Academic Research Index), Social Science Research Network (SSRN), SOBIAD, Turkish Education Index (TEI), EBSCO, and DOAJ.

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Index Islamicus

ResearchBib

Türk Eğitim İndeksi

EBSCO

Social Science Research Network (SSRN)

DOAJ

SOBIAD

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Journal of Eurasian Inquiries

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Editor in Chief

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Section Editor

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Editorial Management Board Member

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The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) aims to provide a platform for scientific studies related to the Eurasian geography and serve as a discussion platform for these studies. AVID aims to increase the accumulation of knowledge in the Eurasian field by featuring high-quality, original, and scientific publications. Thus, it can contribute to the resolution of current issues related to Eurasia. AVID also aims to enrich the Turkish literature on the Eurasian region and adopts a double-blind peer-review and open access process.The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries primarily focuses on theoretical and conceptual studies in the social, political, and economic field related to Eurasia. As an open-access and international journal, AVID has become an important resource for researchers worldwide.AVID publishes research and compilation articles, evaluation studies, book reviews, conference, symposium, and congress papers, as well as field research reports mainly in Turkish, in Turkish dialects which are independent state languages, as well as in English and Russian.

Aim and Scope

Index IslamicusResearch Bible (Academic Research Index)Social Science Research Network (SSRN) SOBİADTurkish Education Index (TEİ) EBSCODOAJ

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

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The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.

Authors publishing with the journal retain the copyright to their work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a> ) and grant the Publisher non-exclusive commercial right to publish the work. CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Editor should consider publishing correction if minor errors that do not effect the results, interpretations and conclusions of the published paper are detected. Editor should consider retraction if major errors and/or misconduction that invalidate results and conclusions are detected.Editor should consider issuing an expression of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are not reliable and institutions of the authors do not investigate the case or the possible investigation seems to be unfair or nonconclusive. The guidelines of <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts/complete-set-english" target="_blank">COPE</a> and <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/" target="_blank">ICJME</a> are taken into consideration regarding correction, retractions or expression of concern.

To guarantee that all papers published in the journal are maintained and permanently accessible, articles are stored in Dergipark which serves as a  national archival web site and at the same time permits LOCKSS to  collect, preserve, and serve the content.Additionally, authors are encouraged to self-archive the final PDF version of their articles in open electronic archives with  that conform to standards of Open Archives Initiative (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>). Authors should provide a link from the deposited version to the URL of IUPress journal website.

Journal of Eurasian Inquires is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a>All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publishers) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

The journal adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules.<ul><li>Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.</li><li>The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.</li><li>The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.</li><li>Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.</li><li>Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.</li><li>The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest or must be disclosed.</li><li>In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.</li><li>If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.</li><li>In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.</li></ul>

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form.</a> The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international external referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.- Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?- Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?- Is the problem significant and concisely stated?- Are the methods described comprehensively?- Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?- Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?- Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

All correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="http://dergipark.gov.tr/login" target="_blank">http://dergipark.gov.tr/login</a> that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuavid" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iuavid</a> It must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/A2037312153941BCAACB13C5FA6294D1" target="_blank">title page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted. 1. The journal publishes manuscripts in Turkish, English, Russian. 2. Manuscript should be written in MS Word format, double-spaced and in 11 point Times New Roman font. We kindly ask you not to send a pdf file. The title should be written with capital letters (12 point, bold), sub-headings in lower case letters (11 point, bold). 3. Research and review articles, as well as articles in translation should each include on its title page two abstracts (in the language of article and in English) of 180-200 words each. Key words (max. 10 words each) will also be provided underneath both of the abstracts. No abstract and bibliography are needed for research notes, addendum, book &amp; scientific meeting reviews, and letters to the editor. While uploading addendum, book review and letter to the editor files on the DergiPark system, please enter the first paragraph of the article in the abstract section. 4. Appendixes, with related bibliographical references,are placed after the main text, and before the bibliography. Their references should be included in the bibliography. 5. Short quotations should be given between double quotes within the paragraph. Long quotations (10 points) should have double indentation on the left (only), without quotes. 6. Figures and images should include captions with related bibliographical references. Bibliographical references mentioned in the captions should be included in the bibliography Their captions should be incorporated within the text, and not be collected at the end of the manuscript. Also, they should be separately uploaded to DergiPark system. Captions of images and figures should be numbered separately. Captions should be in 9 points. 7. Notes and bibliography must be in line with journal’s reference style based on Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition). 8. Notes (8 point) should be given at the bottom of every page, signalled by superscript numbers in the main text. Reference numbers should follow the punctuation marks (.35 or ,23).9. Submitted manuscripts and abstracts should be conformed with the grammar and orthography of the language (Turkish, English, Russian) in which they were written. 10. A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/A2037312153941BCAACB13C5FA6294D1" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, postal address, phone, fax number of the author(s) and ORCIDs of all authors (see The Submission Checklist).

Author Guidelines

<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/7E6C614E3B774D91AF14B623030299F4" target="_blank">Title page</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/BA6134942D0E4293B50B7A5B224AD16C" target="_blank">Information for Authors</a>

Ensure that the following items are present: <ul><li>Confirm that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li><li>Confirm that final language control is done. </li><li>Confirm that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed. </li><li>Confirm that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in line with journals’s reference system based on Chicago Manual of Style.</li></ul>● <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/D6721902505A4BFEAE344C7B9108B155" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> (will only be sent after the article has been accepted for publication) ● Permission for non-published material ● <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/1A3A4AF4403D4011A8AC3B849ACA3753" target="_blank">Title page</a> <ul><li>The category of the manuscript </li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the manuscript and in English </li><li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses </li><li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number </li><li>ORCIDs of all authors. </li></ul>● Main Manuscript Document <ul><li>Important: Please avoid mentioning the the author (s) names in the manuscript. </li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the manuscript and in English </li><li>Abstracts (180-200 words) both in the language of manuscript and in English </li><li>Extended Abstract (600-800 words) in English for the Turkish and Russian articles which are not in English </li><li>Key words </li><li>Manuscript body text </li><li> Acknowledgements, grant supports, conflicts of interest should be indicated </li><li>References and bibliography </li></ul><ul><li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title)</li></ul>

E-ISSN	2147-7469
Period	Biannually
Editor	Muhammed Emin Yıldızlı
The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries (AVID) is a research journal published within the Research Institute of Turkology at Istanbul University. It was established in 1924 and holds the distinction of being Turkey's first research institute. AVID aims to share scientific studies, with the academic world. Prepared in the field of social sciences related to the Eurasian region, spanning from Turkistan to the Caucasus, and from the Balkans to the Middle East. The Journal of Eurasian Inquiries was first published in 2012 and is released twice a year, in March and September. It is an internationally refereed journal that is currently indexed by TR Index, Index Islamicus, Research Bible (Academic Research Index), Social Science Research Network (SSRN), SOBIAD, Turkish Education Index (TEI), EBSCO, and DOAJ.

Journal of Eurasian Inquiries

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