Mehmed Zâti Bey’in “Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi” Adlı Eserinin İncelenmesi
Mehmed Zâti [Arca] dokuz yaşında iken Mabeyn Muzıkası'na girmiş ve bu vesile ile de ilk mûsikî eğitimine başlamıştır. Küçük yaşlarda başladığı müzik serüveni 1951 yılına, vefatına kadar durmaksızın devam etmiştir. Zati Bey’in onlarca bestesinin, çok seslendirdiği eserlerin yanı sıra birçok kitap hazırlamıştır. Bu kitaplardan bir kısmını yayınladığı bilinmekte ise de bir kısmını ise yayınlayamadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kütübhanei Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi adlı eseri bunlardan birisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da Mehmed Zati Bey’in Kütübhanei Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi adlı kitabının incelenmesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla çalışmada literatür taraması, doküman analizi gibi nitel bir sürecin izlendiği nitel araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Nazari bilgilerin ve uygulamalı örneklerin bir arada verildiği Kütübhanei Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi adlı kitap boru (borazan) ve trampet çalgılarının öğretilmesine yönelik hazırlanmış olup bu yönüyle bir metottan çok, boru ve trampet eğitimcisi için hazırlanmış bir el kitabı niteliğindedir. Kütübhanei Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi, Zati Bey’in yazarlık yönünün yanı sıra eğitimcilik yönünü de ortaya koyan, eğitimcilik anlayışında ne kadar öngörülü ve özenli olduğuna dair önemli işaretler taşıyan bir eserdir. Tüm bu yönleri ile bu eserin sadece boru ve trampet öğrenci ve eğitimcileri için değil, tüm eğitimciler için örnek bir çalışma niteliğinde olduğu rahatlıkla söylenebilir
The Analysis of Mehmed Zâti Bey’s Work Entitled “Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi”
Mehmed Zâti [Arca], when he was nine years old, joined Mabeyn Muzıka and thus started his first musical education. His musical adventure, which he started at a young age, continued uninterruptedly until his death in 1951. It has seen that Zati Bey wrote many books, as well as dozens of his compositions and works that he performed a lot. It has determined that he published some of these books, but could not publish some. His work titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi is one of them. The purpose of this study has determined to be the examination of Mehmed Zati Bey's this book. For this purpose in this study, qualitative research method in which a qualitative process such as literature review and document analysis followed, was used. This book, in which theoretical information and practical examples have given together, has been prepared for teaching pipe (trumpet) and snare drum instruments and, in this respect, it is more like a handbook prepared for pipe and snare drum educators than a method. The book is a work that reveals Zati Bey's teaching side as well as his writing side and carries significant signs of how foresight and attentive he is in his understanding of education. With all these aspects, it can easily said that this work is an exemplary work not only for pipe and snare drum students and educators but also for all educators.
Mehmed Zâti [Arca] was born in Istanbul in 1864. When he was nine years old, he joined Mabeyn Muzıka and thus started his first musical education. He was promoted to the rank of corporal in 1882, to the rank of sergeant in 1884, to the rank of major in 1895, and from the major to the rank of district governor in 1898, "based on his merit and competency". He was the commander of Mûzikâ-yı Hümâyun between 1916 and 1924. His musical adventure, which he started at a young age, continued uninterruptedly until his death in 1951.
During his student years, he took piano lessons from Aranda Paşa (Fernando de Aranda), harmony from Guatelli Paşa (Callisto Guatelli) and Turkish music from Hacı Arif Bey. He was the clarinet teacher of Veli (Kanık) Bey and gave Western Music and Western notation lessons to Muallim İsmail Hakkı Bey. He took the surname Arca after the Surname Law adopted in 1934. Zâti Bey's musical adventure, which started with his Mabeyn Muzıka training at nine,continued uninterruptedly until his death in 1951. It has seen that Zati Bey wrote many books, as well as dozens of his compositions and works that he performed a lot. It has determined that he published some of these books, being in the first place his work titled Kütüphane-i Musikiden Nazariyat-ı Musiki ve Kütüphane-i Musikiden Talim-i Kıraat-ı Musiki, but could not publish some. His work titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi is one of them. It has understood that Mehmed Zati Bey's book, completed in 1315 Hijri/1897 Gregorian, was ready for printing but has not been published and hence has not been known about his book for a long time. Although the the book name has mentioned in library records and a few studies, there is not enough information about the book. The purpose of this study has determined to be the examination of Mehmed Zati Bey's book titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi.
His work titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi consists of an introduction, 3 (three) chapters, a total of 14 (fourteen) items and 34 (thirty-four) lessons.
Introduction section: the introduction section consists of two leaves. In the introduction part of the book, Zati Bey starts with prayers and praise to the sultan, and then emphasizes the importance of notes in music education. It also gives some information about the book.
First chapter: In the first chapter, lessons and examples are given on the subjects of "shapes of notes and the application of notes to sounds (equalization)”, “values of notes, names of values, places, applications to each other”, “shapes of rests, values, names of values and their applications to each other”, “rhythm, numbers of the rhythms, measure, application of values to rhythms and beats” and "dots".
Second chapter: In the second chapter, lessons and examples are given on the subjects of "repetition signs", "Nokta-i Temdîd", "Nokta-i Tevkif", that is, "Extension Point [Fermata] and "Stop Point" in short, "Stop", "Staccato" and "Ties", "Nuances", "triplets" and “sixtuplets".
Third chapter: In the third chapter, lessons and examples are given on the subjects of "rhythms with three divisions in each beat", "grace note", "ihtisar [abbreviation]", "playing melody through rings".
In addition to theoretical knowledge, the book gives brief information about the posture of the chin, the position of the lips, and the condition of the cheeks under the title of “Boruzenin Vaziyyeti” and also including the words "whole breath" without losing breath and the syllable "tü" and the sound "kaba sol", long, irregular and knowledge about the application is also given, such as the fact that it has blown very strongly.
Zati Bey completed his book with two (2) examples of meşk and twelve (12) examples of "Pieces played in front of the battalion" and a note of "Zati Kulları" right after the note “İntihâ/End” on the last page.
The book titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi, in which theoretical information and practical examples have given together, has been prepared for teaching pipe (trumpet) and snare drum instruments and, in this respect, it is more like a handbook prepared for pipe and snare drum educators than a method. Although he gave little theoretical information, Zati Bey also included important information under the headings of "tenbih", "ihtar" or "hatırlatma", as in his published books. In the applied sections, shapes and notes have used, and theoretical information has supported with sample works. Zati Bey, also gave information about where students might make mistakes or what they should do to learn better. The book titled Kütübhane-i Musikiden Borizan ve Tranpete Muallimi is a work that reveals Zati Bey's teaching side as well as his writing side and carries significant signs of how foresight and attentive he is in his understanding of education. With all these aspects, it can easily said that this work is an During his student yearsexemplary work not only for pipe and snare drum students and educators but also for all educators.
