Research Article


DOI :10.26650/arcp2019-5134   IUP :10.26650/arcp2019-5134    Full Text (PDF)

What is Political Philosophy?

Murat Ertan Kardeş

This article focuses on two aspects of contemporary political philosophy. The first one is political philosophy as a philosophy strategy. The second one is political philosophy as an activity that considers the politicity of philosophy and what is political. Our basic claim is the impossibility of separating these two meanings of political philosophy. Rather than maintaining the distinction between the empirical and the speculative in terms of political philosophy, the basic attitude is to look at what is happening within the polis, whether the police remain without polites or whether the polis allow the political community to recognize it. The discovery of the politicity of philosophy is undoubtedly not something new, however, it has become a more evident focus of philosophy after World War II. Many different trends in contemporary philosophy have brought new ideas within this perspective: from Carl Schmitt to Leo Strauss, from Frankfurt School thinkers to many important figures of contemporary French philosophy, such as Claude Lefort and Cornelius Castoriadis; they all have developed critical, contemporary and radical philosophical thoughts. It can be easily claimed that this movement in political philosophy comes with a conjuncture in which the crisis has become more evident in the context of political praxis and concept. In the first phase, the fading of ideologies forced the return from 'theory' to philosophy. Secondly, the hopelessness and failures created by the actual communisms forced them to consider different praxis. Thirdly, structural crises and transformations in the world political order have also prepared the crisis of liberal political philosophies seeking answers to the existing crisis with their own concepts. It was no coincidence that after the pursuit of pure philosophy in the Belle Époque period, it was recollected as philosophy's politics. A singular, constituent praxis, and an orientation that desires emancipation, is the sole possibility of the idea of the universal. In this context, political philosophy is not only an abstraction practice on political things, but on the contrary, an activity on the establishment or disruption of the logic of political things. The togetherness of the necessity of understanding political things and research faithful to the idea of truth; reveals the vitality of plurality of political organizations against violence. 

DOI :10.26650/arcp2019-5134   IUP :10.26650/arcp2019-5134    Full Text (PDF)

Politik Felsefe Nedir?

Murat Ertan Kardeş

Bu makale çağdaş politik felsefenin iki kullanımı üzerine odaklanmıştır. Bunlardan birincisi bir felsefe stratejisi olarak politik felsefe. İkincisiyse felsefenin politikliğini ve politik-olanı düşünen bir etkinlik olarak politik felsefe. Temel iddiamız politik felsefenin bu iki anlamının ayrıştırılmasının imkansızlığıdır. Empirik-olan ile spekülatif-olan arasındaki ayrımı politik felsefe açısından sürdürmek yerine polisin içinde olup bitenlere, polisin polites'siz kalmasına ya da polisin, politik topluluğa olanak tanıyıp, tanımamasına bakmak onun temel tavrıdır. Felsefenin politikliğinin keşfi şüphesiz yeni değildir ancak felsefenin kendi odağına bunu alarak düşünmeye başlaması İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Çağdaş felsefedeki birçok farklı akım bu odakla yeni düşünceler ortaya koymuştur: Carl Schmitt'ten Leo Strauss'a, Frankfurt Okulu düşünürlerinden başta Claude Lefort ve Cornelius Castoriadis gibi çağdaş Fransız felsefesinin birçok önemli isme, bahsedilen bu eleştirel, çağdaş ve radikal felsefe pratiklerini geliştirmişlerdir. Politik felsefedeki bu hareketliliğin, politik eylem ve kavram bağlamında krizin belirginleşmeye başladığı bir konjonktürle geldiği rahatlıkla iddia edilebilir. İlk evrede ideolojilerin sönümlenmeye başlaması "teori"den tekrar felsefeye dönüşü mecbur bırakmıştır. İkinci olarak ise fiili komünizmlerin yarattığı ümitsizlik ve başarısızlıklar farklı praksisleri düşünmeye zorlamıştır. Üçüncü olarak, dünya politik düzenindeki yapısal krizler ve dönüşümler, varolan krize karşı kendi kavramlarıyla yanıtlar arayan liberal politik felsefelerin de krizini hazırlamıştır. Belle Époque döneminde saf felsefe arayışından sonra felsefenin politikliğinin anımsanması da tesadüf olmamıştır. Tekil olanı, kurucu praksisi ve kurtuluşu arzulayan bir yönelim evrenselin düşüncesinin yegâne imkânıdır. Bu bağlamda politik felsefe sadece politik şeyler üzerine bir soyutlama pratiği değildir, aksine politik şeylerin mantığının kurulmasına ya da bozulmasına dair bir etkinliktir. Politik şeyleri anlama zorunluluğu ile hakikat fikrine sadık araştırmanın yan yanalığı, şiddet hallerine karşı politik örgütlenmelerin çoğulluğunun gerekli olduğunu ortaya koyar.


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APA

Kardeş, M.E. (0001). What is Political Philosophy?. Archives of Philosophy, 0(51), 393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


AMA

Kardeş M E. What is Political Philosophy?. Archives of Philosophy. 0001;0(51):393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


ABNT

Kardeş, M.E. What is Political Philosophy?. Archives of Philosophy, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 51, p. 393-410, 0001.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Kardeş, Murat Ertan,. 0001. “What is Political Philosophy?.” Archives of Philosophy 0, no. 51: 393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


Chicago: Humanities Style

Kardeş, Murat Ertan,. What is Political Philosophy?.” Archives of Philosophy 0, no. 51 (Dec. 2024): 393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


Harvard: Australian Style

Kardeş, ME 0001, 'What is Political Philosophy?', Archives of Philosophy, vol. 0, no. 51, pp. 393-410, viewed 23 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Kardeş, M.E. (0001) ‘What is Political Philosophy?’, Archives of Philosophy, 0(51), pp. 393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134 (23 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Kardeş, Murat Ertan,. What is Political Philosophy?.” Archives of Philosophy, vol. 0, no. 51, 0001, pp. 393-410. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134


Vancouver

Kardeş ME. What is Political Philosophy?. Archives of Philosophy [Internet]. 23 Dec. 2024 [cited 23 Dec. 2024];0(51):393-410. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134 doi: 10.26650/arcp2019-5134


ISNAD

Kardeş, MuratErtan. What is Political Philosophy?”. Archives of Philosophy 0/51 (Dec. 2024): 393-410. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp2019-5134



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Submitted24.11.2019
Last Revision01.12.2019
Accepted06.12.2019

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