darulfunun ilahiyat

SUBMITINFORMATION
EnglishTürkçe

Research Article


DOI :10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005   IUP :10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005    Full Text (PDF)

Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf

Ahmet Suayb Gundogdu

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the differing roles of zakat and waqf in poverty alleviation, hunger, and inequality. It aims to provide a blueprint for harnessing zakat and waqf as alternatives to remedy these social ills. The paper is a qualitative research project, performed through analysis of literature regarding current confusion points pertaining to the areas of infaq, sadaqah, zakat, cash waqf, corporate waqf, and traditional waqf. An ideal social safety net is attainable by focusing on poverty, giving special attention to economic empowerment programs. Zakat should play a supporting role in abating hunger for people in the transition while counterbalancing inequalities created by market imperfections. Since zakat funds cannot be used for social infrastructure development, traditional waqf should fulfil these needs among vulnerable people. Additionally, contemporary forms of cash waqf and corporate waqf are essential in mobilizing resources for social infrastructure development. In contrast to existing literature, this paper provides an alternative blueprint for Islamic social investment and transfer, clearly delineating the roles of infaq, sadaqah, zakat, and waqf. Different Islamic social investment and transfer tools should function like prongs, each acting in a separate sphere, working to serve the same ultimate purpose. 

Keywords: Infaq, Sadaqah, Zakat, Waqf, Cash Waqf, Corporate Waqf, Islamic Microfinance, Economic Empowerment
DOI :10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005   IUP :10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005    Full Text (PDF)

Zekât ve Vakıf Bağlamında Yoksulluk, Açlık ve Eşitsizlik

Ahmet Suayb Gundogdu

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yoksullukla mücadele, açlık ve eşitsizlik konularında Zekat ve Vakıf kurumlarının üstlendiği farklı rolleri değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışma ile Zekat ve Vakfın söz konusu sosyal yaraları sarmak maksadı ile alternatif olarak kullanıldığı bir plan sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Makale; İnfak, Sadaka, Zekat, Para Vakfı, Kurumsal Vakıf ve Geleneksel Vakıf alanlarına ilişkin mevcut literatürde bulunan çelişkili noktaları da açıklığa kavuşturan nitel bir araştırma projesidir. İdeal bir sosyal güvenlik ağına; yoksulluğa odaklanılarak ve ekonomik olanak sağlama programlarına özel önem gösterilerek ulaşılabilir. Zekat, piyasa mükemmeliyetsizliklerinin yarattığı eşitsizlikleri dengelerken geçiş sürecindeki insanların açlık sorununu hafifletmede destekleyici bir rol oynamalıdır. Zekat fonları İslami açıdan sosyal altyapı projeleri için kullanılamadığından, geleneksel vakıf, ekonomik olarak savunmasız insanlar için sosyal altyapı ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında kullanılmalıdır. Buna ek olarak, çağdaş Para Vakfı ve Kurumsal Vakıf formları sosyal altyapı projeleri için kaynak mobilizasyonu için ehemmiyet arz etmektedir. Mevcut literatürden farklı olarak, bu makale İslami sosyal yatırım ve sosyal transfer için alternatif bir taslak sunmakta olup infak, sadaka, zekat ve vakf’ın bu bağlamdaki farklı rollerini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Farklı İslami sosyal yatırım ve sosyal transfer araçları, her biri ayrı bir alanda hareket eden ve aynı nihai amaca hizmet eden çatal dişleri gibi işlev görmelidir. 

Keywords: İnfak, Sadaka, Zekat, Vakıf, Para Vakfı, Kurumsal Vakıf, İslami Mikrofinans, Ekonomik Olanak Sağlama

PDF View

References

  • Ahmed, Habib. Role of Zakat and Awqaf in Poverty Alleviation. Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute, Islamic Development Bank Group, 2004. google scholar
  • Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf. Fiqh al-Zakat. Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 1994. google scholar
  • Anwar, Muhammad. “Financing Socio-Economic Development with Zakat Funds.” Journal of Islamic Economics 4, no.1&2 (1995): 15-32. google scholar
  • Cizakca, Murat. History of Philanthropic Foundations. Istanbul: Bogazici University Press, 2000. google scholar
  • Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb. “An Inquiry into Islamic Finance from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals.” European Journal of Sustainable Development 7, no.4 (2018): 381-390. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2018.v7n4p381. google scholar
  • Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb. A Modern Perspective of Islamic Economics and Finance. Bigley: Emerald Publishing, 2019. google scholar
  • Hafidhuddin, Didin, and Syauqi Beik. “Zakat Development: Indonesia’s Experience.” Jurnal Ekonomi Islam Al Infaq 1, no.1 (2010): 40-52. google scholar
  • Hashim, M.A. “The Corporate Waqaf: A Malaysian Experience in Building Sustainable Business Capacity.” paper delivered at Dubai International Conference on Endowments, 16-17 February 2010, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Accessed January 13, 2019. https://www.unescwa.org/events/ dubai-international-conference-endowments-innovative-sources-finance-small-and-medium-sized google scholar
  • Hassan, M.K. “An Integrated Poverty Alleviation Model Combining Zakat, Awqaf and MicroFinance.” Seventh International Conference: The Tawhidi Epistemology: Zakat and Waqf Economy, 6-7 January 2010, Bangi, Malaysia, Accessed January 13, 2019. http://www. ukm.my/hadhari/publication/proceedings-of-seventh-international-conference-the-tawhidiepistemology-zakat-and-waqf-economy. google scholar
  • Heck, Paul. Taxation in Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2018. google scholar
  • Heyneman, Stephen. Islam and Social Policy. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2004. google scholar
  • Kahf, Monzer. “Zakat: Unresolved Issues in the Contemporary Fiqh.” IIUM Journal of Economics and Management 2, no.1 (1989): 1-23. google scholar
  • Qaradhawi, Yusuf. Fiqh Al-Zakah. Translated by Monzer Kahf. Jeddah: Center for Research in Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, 1995. google scholar
  • Kister, Meir Jacob. “The Market of the Prophet.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, no.8 (1965): 272-276. google scholar
  • Kuran, Timur. “The Provision of Public Goods under Islamic Law: Origins, Impact, and Limitations of the Waqf System.” Law & Society Review 35, no. 4 (2001): 841-898. https://doi. org/10.2307/3185418. google scholar
  • Muhtada, Dani. “The Role of Zakat Organization in Empowering the Peasantry: A Case Study of the Rumah Zakat Yogyakarta Indonesia.” In The Islamic Finance for Micro and Medium Enterprises, edited by Mohammed Obaidullah, and Salma Abdullateef, 289–310. google scholar
  • Jeddah: IRTI, Islamic Development Bank, 2008. Obaidullah, Mohammed, and Salma Abdullateef. Islamic Finance for Micro and Medium Enterprises. Jeddah: IRTI, 2011. google scholar
  • Obaidullah, Mohammed. Awqaf Development and Management. Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute, Islamic Development Bank, 2013. google scholar
  • Obaidullah, Mohammed. “Revisiting Estimation Methods of Business Zakat and Related Tax Incentives.” Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, no.7 (2016): 349-364. google scholar
  • Obaidullah, Mohammed. Zakat Management for Poverty Alleviation. Jeddah: Islamic Research and Training Institute, 2016. google scholar
  • Salehi, Djavad. “Poverty and income inequality in the Islamic Republic of Iran.” Revue Internationale des Etudes du Développement 1, no. 229 (2017): 113-136. https://doi.org/10.3917/ried.229.0113. google scholar
  • Siddiqui, Abdur Rashid. Qur’anic Key Words. Markfield: The Islamic Foundation. Markfield, 2008. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Gundogdu, A. (2019). Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf. darulfunun ilahiyat, 30(1), 49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


AMA

Gundogdu A. Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf. darulfunun ilahiyat. 2019;30(1):49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


ABNT

Gundogdu, A. Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf. darulfunun ilahiyat, [Publisher Location], v. 30, n. 1, p. 49-64, 2019.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb,. 2019. “Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf.” darulfunun ilahiyat 30, no. 1: 49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


Chicago: Humanities Style

Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb,. “Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf.” darulfunun ilahiyat 30, no. 1 (May. 2024): 49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


Harvard: Australian Style

Gundogdu, A 2019, 'Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf', darulfunun ilahiyat, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 49-64, viewed 9 May. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Gundogdu, A. (2019) ‘Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf’, darulfunun ilahiyat, 30(1), pp. 49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005 (9 May. 2024).


MLA

Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb,. “Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf.” darulfunun ilahiyat, vol. 30, no. 1, 2019, pp. 49-64. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


Vancouver

Gundogdu A. Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf. darulfunun ilahiyat [Internet]. 9 May. 2024 [cited 9 May. 2024];30(1):49-64. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005 doi: 10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005


ISNAD

Gundogdu, Ahmet Suayb. “Poverty, Hunger and Inequality in the Context of Zakat and Waqf”. darulfunun ilahiyat 30/1 (May. 2024): 49-64. https://doi.org/10.26650/di.2019.30.1.0005



TIMELINE


Submitted18.02.2019
Accepted20.05.2019

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.