Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies

SUBMITINFORMATION
EnglishTürkçe

Research Article


DOI :10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762   IUP :10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762    Full Text (PDF)

A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence

Selda Ersözlü

The conceptualization of power lies at the core of controversies on how to explain the multidimensional nature of durable inequalities, such as gender, poverty, race, and ethnicity. Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic violence and conceptualization of power represent a significant theoretical initiative that attempts to transcend conventional dualisms such as the individual versus society, agency versus structure, and micro versus macro. This paper critically evaluates Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic violence that endeavors to explain the regulation and reproduction of contemporary social inequalities and social hierarchies. In order to comprehend symbolic violence in connection with his relational and intertwined concepts involved in practice theory, it is necessary to look at his empirical and theoretical studies, as well as the secondary resources about his theoretical oeuvre. This paper is framed within two primary sections, with the first presenting the general definition of the theory and the second providing a critical evaluation of the theory. This evaluation is justified on Bourdieu’s structuralist understanding of relationality and aims to reveal the unresolved epistemological and methodological contradictions emerging from his conceptualization of misrecognition, which is the backbone of his theory of symbolic violence. The contradictions the paper concentrates on are discussed under the themes of the problem of agency without individuals, the problem of closed systems justified on domination, and the problems of practical logic and theoretical logic. The main argument of this article involves Bourdieu’s inability inadequacy of defating the dualisms he opposed, and as a result, his theory of symbolic violence provides a conceptualization of a power structure that extremely restricts human agency and structural transformation. This is due to three main issues: (i) Bourdieu makes no conceptual or analytical distinction between power and domination and therefore cannot restrict the meaning of violence, (ii) he accepts the practical knowledge generated by dialogical interaction as false or misleading, and (iii) he uses practical logic to relate the intention of action only to personal interests. 

Keywords: Bourdieu, Symbolic Violence, Practice Theory, Misrecognition, Domination
DOI :10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762   IUP :10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762    Full Text (PDF)

Pierre Bourdieu’nün Sembolik Şiddet Kuramı Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme

Selda Ersözlü

Toplumsal cinsiyet, yoksulluk, ırk, etnisite vb. “istikrarlı eşitsizliklerin” çok boyutlu doğasının nasıl açıklanacağı konusundaki ihtilafların merkezinde iktidar kavramsallaştırması vardır. Pierre Bourdieu’nün “sembolik şiddet” kuramı ve bununla bağlantılı olarak iktidar olgusunu kavramsallaştırma biçimi, sosyal kuramda yerleşik olan birey-toplum, faillik-yapı, mikro-makro gibi karşıtlıkları aşmaya çalışan önemli bir kuramsal girişimi temsil etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bourdieu’nün toplumsal eşitsizlik ve sosyal hiyerarşilerin düzenlenmesini ve yeniden üretimini açıklama çabasındaki “sembolik şiddet” kuramının eleştirel bir değerlendirmesi yapılmaktadır. Onun ampirik ve kuramsal çalışmalarına ek olarak, kuramsal külliyatı hakkındaki ikincil kaynaklardan yararlanılarak yapılan bu değerlendirmede “sembolik şiddet”, yine onun “pratik kuramı” içinde yer alan ilişkisel kavramlarla birlikte, bir bütün olarak kavranmaktadır. Çalışma, ilk bölümünde kuramın genel tanıtımının, ikinci bölümünde eleştirel değerlendirilmesinin takdim edildiği, iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Bourdieu’nün yapısalcı ilişkisellik anlayışı üzerinde temellendirilmiş olan bu değerlendirmenin amacı, “sembolik şiddet” kuramının omurgasını oluşturan “yanlış tanıma” kavramsallaştırmasının sebep olduğu epistemolojik ve metodolojik çelişkileri ortaya koymaktır. Söz konusu çelişkiler, bireysiz bir faillik sorunu, tahakküme dayalı kapalı sistemler sorunu ve pratik mantık ve kuramsal mantık sorunları eksenlerinde tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın temel savı, Bourdieu’nün: (i) iktidar ve tahakküm kavramları arasında analitik bir ayrım yapmaması ve dolayısıyla “şiddet” kavramını daraltamaması, (ii) karşılıklı etkileşime dayalı “pratik bilgi”yi yanıltıcı veya eksik olarak kabulü ve (iii) “pratik mantık” ile, eylemin yönünü sadece kişisel çıkarlarla ilişkilendirmesi sebepleriyle, genel olarak karşı çıktığı ikiciliklerin üstesinden gelemediği ve “sembolik şiddet” kuramı ile failliği ve yapıların dönüşümünü sınırlayan bir iktidar yapısı sunduğudur. 

Keywords: Bourdieu, Sembolik Şiddet, Pratik Kuramı, Yanlış Tanıma, Tahakküm

PDF View

References

  • Archer, M. S. (2010). Routine, Reflexivity, and Realism. Sociological Theory, 28(3), s. 272-303. google scholar
  • Archer, M. S. (2012). Realizm ve Faillik Problemi. G. Çeğin, ve E. Göker (Dü) içinde, Tözcülüğün Tasfiyesi İlişkisel Sosyolojide Teel Yaklaşımlar (V. S. Öğütle, Çev., s. 281-306). Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları. google scholar
  • Bayrakdar, S. (2020). Pierre Bourdieu Sosyolojisinde Sembolik Şiddet Bağlamında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği (Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Uludağ Üniversitesi SBE, Bursa. google scholar
  • Boas, G. (1926). The Truth of Immediate Knowledge. The Journal of Philosophy, 23(1), s. 5-10. Temmuz 2023 tarihinde https://www.jstor.org/stable/2014393 adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Bohman, J. (2000). Practical Reason and Cultural Constraint: Agency in Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice. R. Shustennan (Dü.) içinde, Bourdieu, A Critical Reader (s. 129-152). UK, USA: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1977). The Economics of Linguistic Exchanges. Social Science Information, 16(6), s. 645-668. doi:10.1177/053901847701600601. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1988). On Interest and The Relative Autonomy of Symbolic Power. Working Papers and Proceedings of the Center for Psychosocial Studies, 20. Şubat 2023 tarihinde https://www.sas.upenn.edu/transcult/pubwor20.html adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990). The Logic of Practice. (R. Nice, Çev.) Cambridge, UK: Polity. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1990b). In Other Words, Essays Towards a Reflexive Sociology. (M. Adamson, Çev.) California, USA: Standford University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and Symbolic Power. (G. Raymond , ve M. Adamson , Çev.) UK: Polity Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1993). Sociology in Question. (R. Nice, Çev.) London: Sage Publications. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1996). Distinction, A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. (R. Nice, Çev.) Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1998). Practical Reason, On the Theory of Action. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1998b). On Television. (P. Parkhurst Ferguson, Çev.) New York, USA: The New Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (1999). Toplumsal Uzam ve Sembolik İktidar. Cogito(18), s. 16-32. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (2000). Pascalian Meditations. (R. Nice, Çev.) Stanford: Stanford University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (2001). Masculine Domination. (R. Nice , Çev.) Standford: Standford University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P. (2013). Outline of a Theory of Practice. (R. Nice, Çev.) UK: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P., vd. (1999). The Weight of the World, Social Suffering in Contemporary Society. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P., ve Eagleton, T. (2011). Bir Röportaj: Doxa (Kanaat) ve Ortak Yaşam. S. Zizek (Dü.) içinde, İdeolojiyi Haritalandırmak (S. Kibar, Çev., s. 397-416). Ankara: Dipnot Yayınları. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P., ve Passeron, J. C. (1990c). Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. (R. Nice, Çev.) London, California, New Delhi: Sage Publications. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P., ve Wacquant, L. J. (1992). An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press. google scholar
  • Bourdieu, P., Chamboredon, J.-C., ve Passeron, J.-C. (1991). The Craft of Sociology, Epistemological Preliminaries. (B. Krais, Dü., ve R. Nice, Çev.) Berlin: Walter de Gruyter ve Co. google scholar
  • Bouveresse , J. (2000). Rules, Dispositions, and the Habitus. R. Shustennan (Dü.) içinde, Bourdieu, A Critical Reader (s. 45-63). USA: Blackwell Publishers Ltd. google scholar
  • Brubaker, R. (1985). Rethinking Classical Theory: The Sociological Vision of Pierre Bourdieu. Theory and Society, 14(6), s. 745-475. google scholar
  • Burawoy, M. (2012). Theory and Practice: Marx Meets Bourdieu. M. Burawoy, ve K. V. Holdt içinde, Conversations with Bourdieu (s. 31-45). Johannesburg, South Africa: Wits University Press. google scholar
  • Calhoun, C. (1993). Habitus, Field and Capital: The Question of Historical Specificity. C. Calhoun, E. LiPuma, ve M. Postone (Dü) içinde, Bourdieu: Critical Perspectives (s. 61-88). UK: Polity Press. google scholar
  • Calhoun, C. (2014). Bourdieu Sosyolojisinin Ana Hatları. Ocak ve Zanaat, Pierre Bourdieu Derlemesi (s. 77-130). içinde İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
  • Camic, C. (2011). Bourdieu’s Cleft Sociology of Science. Minerva, 49, s. 275-293. doi:10.1007/s11024-011-9176-0. google scholar
  • Corcuff, P. (2014). Habitustan Hareketle: Kolektife Meydan Okuyan Tekil. G. Çeğin, E. Göker, A. Arlı ve Ü. Tatlıcan (Dü) içinde, Ocak ve Zanaat, Pierre Bourdieu Derlemesi (A. Z. Ünal, Çev., s. 367-395). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
  • Critical Realism Network. (2018). A Tale of Two Systems: The Perennial Debate About Archer and Bourdieu. Aralık 2022 tarihinde Critical Realism Network: criticalrealismnetwork.org adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Cronin, C. (1996). Bourdieu and Foucault on Power and Modernity. Philosophy Social Criticism, 22(6), s. 55-85. doi:: 10.1177/019145379602200603. google scholar
  • Crossley, N. (2013). Etkileşimler, Bitişiklikler ve Beğeniler: İlişkisel Sosyolojide "İlişkileri" Kavramsallaştırmak. C. Powell, ve F. Depelteau (Dü) içinde, İlişkisel Sosyoloji, Ontolojik ve Teorik Yönelimler (Ö. Akkaya, Çev., s. 193-224). Ankara: Phoenix. google scholar
  • Çeğin, G., ve Özpolat, G. (2016). Tabiyet ve Simgesel Şiddet Kavramları Üzerinden Foucault ve Bourdieu’yü Birlikte Okumak. Praksis, 42, s. 683-695. google scholar
  • Debska, H. (2015). Law’s Symbolic Power: Beyond The Marxist Conception of Ideology. Wroclaw Review of Law, Administration ve Economics, 5(1), s. 5-23. doi:10.1515/wrlae-2015-0020. google scholar
  • Elias, N. (2000). The Civilizing Process, Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations. (E. Jephcott, Çev.) Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing. google scholar
  • Emirbayer, M., ve Schneiderhan, E. (2013). Dewey and Bourdieu on Democracy. P. S. Gorski (Dü.) içinde, Bourdieu and Historical Analysis (s. 131-157). USA: Duke University Press. google scholar
  • Ersözlü, S. (2019). Modernliğin Bireyciliği İle Yaşam Politikalarında Beliren Bireyselleşmenin Yansımaları Arasındaki Farkın İlişkiselliği (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi, SBE, Ankara. google scholar
  • Fava, F. (2021). Illusion of Immediate Knowledge or Spiritual Exercise? The Dialogic Exchange and Pierre Bourdieu’s Ethnography. V. Matera, ve A. Biscaldi (Dü) içinde, Ethnography. A Theoretically Oriented Practice (s. 129-158). Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Friedland, R. (2009). The Endless Fields of Pierre Bourdieu. Organization Articles, 16(6), s. 887-917. doi:10.1177/1350508409341115. google scholar
  • Giroux, H. A. (1983). Theories of Reproduction and Resistance in the New Sociology of Education: A Critical Analysis. Harvard Educational Review, 53(3), s. 257-293. google scholar
  • Goldthorpe, J. H. (2007). “Cultural Capital”: Some Critical Observations. Sociologica, 2, s. 1-23. google scholar
  • Grenfell, M. (2008). Conclusion. M. Grenfell (Dü.) içinde, Pierre Bourdieu: Key Concepts (s. 213-218). UK: Acumen. google scholar
  • Haugaard, M. (2010). Power and Social Criticism: Relections on Power, Domination and Legitimacy. Critical Horizons, 11(1), s. 51-74. google scholar
  • Hourani, J., Block, K., Phillimore, J., Bradby, H., Ozcurumez, S., Goodson, L., ve Vaughan, C. (2021). Structural and Symbolic Violence Violence Exacerbates the Risks and Consequences of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence for Forced Migrant Women. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 3, s. 1-13. doi:10.3389/fhumd.2021.769611. google scholar
  • Hull, C. L. (1997). The Need in Thinking: Materiality in Theodor W. Adorno and Judith Butler. Radical Philosophy, 84, s. 22-35. google scholar
  • Jarvinen, M. (2010). Immovable magic - Pierre Bourdieu on Gender and Power. NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 7(1), s. 6-19. doi:10.1080/08038749950167706. google scholar
  • Jenkins, R. (2000). Categorization: Identity, Social Process and Epistemology. Current Sociology, 48(7), s. 7-25. doi:10.1177/0011392100048003003. google scholar
  • Jenkins, R. (2006). Pierre Bourideu, Key Sociologists. London and New York: Routledge. google scholar
  • Jenks, C. (2014). Giriş. Temel Sosyolojik Dikotomiler (İ. Çapçıoğlu, Çev., s. xiii-xxii). içinde Ankara: Atıf Yayınları. google scholar
  • Kauppi , N. (2000). The Politics of Embodiment, Habitus, Power, and Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. google scholar
  • Kaya, A. (2014). Pierre Bourdieu’nün Pratik Kuramının Kilidi: Alan Kavramı. G. Çeğin, Göker Emrah, A. Arlı, ve Tatlıcan Ümit (Dü) içinde, Ocak ve Zanaat, Pierre Bourdieu Derlemesi (s. 397-420). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
  • King, A. (2000). Thinking with Bourdieu Against Bourdieu: A ‘Practical’ Critique of the Habitus. Sociological Theory, 18(3), s. 417-433. google scholar
  • Koytak, E. (2012). Tahakküme Hükmetmek: Bourdieu Sosyolojisinde Toplum ve Bilim İlişkisi. Sosyoloji Dergisi, 3. Dizi(25), s. 85-101. google scholar
  • Kögler, H. H. (1997). Alienation as Epistemological Source: Reflexivity and Social Background After Mannheim and Bourdieu. Social Epistemology: A Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Policy, 11(2), s. 141-164. google scholar
  • Kögler, H. H. (1997b). Reconceptualizing Reflexive Sociology: A Reply. Social Epistemology, 11(2), s. 223-250. google scholar
  • Krais, B., ve William , J. M. (2000). The Gender Relationship in Bourdieu’s Sociology. SubStance, 29(3), s. 53-67. google scholar
  • Kurtoğlu, A. (2023). Öznelerin Deneyimleri Üzerinden Günlük Hayat: Eleştirel Bir Yeniden Kavramsallaştırma (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Hacettepe Üniversitesi, SBE, Ankara. google scholar
  • Lakomski, G. (1984). On Agency and Structure: Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron’s Theory of Symbolic Violence. Curriculum Inquiry, 14(2), s. 151-163. doi:10.1080/03626784.1984.11075918. google scholar
  • Lamont, M., Pendergrass, S., ve Pachucki, M. (2015). Symbolic Boundaries. International Encyclopedia of the Social ve Behavioral Sciences, 23(2), s. 850-855. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.10416-7. google scholar
  • Lash, S. (1993). Pierre Bourdieu: Cultural Economy and Social Change. C. Calhoun, E. LiPuma, ve M. Postone (Dü) içinde, Bourdieu: Critical Perspectives (s. 193-211). UK: Polity Press. google scholar
  • Layder, D. (2006). Understanding Social Theory. London, California, New Delhi: SAGE Publications. google scholar
  • Layder, D. (2013). Sosyolojik Araştırma Pratiği, Teori ve Sosyal Araştırmanın İlişkilendirilmesi. (S. Ünal, Çev.) Ankara: Heretik Yayınları. google scholar
  • Leander, A. (2008). Thinking Tools. A. Klotz, ve D. Prakash (Dü) içinde, Qualitative Methods in International Relations : A Pluralist Guide (s. 11-27). UK: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Leander, A. (2009). Habitus and Field. Working Paper, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Intercultural Communication and Management. Ocak 2023 tarihinde https://research.cbs.dk/en/publications/habitus-and-field-2 adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Leledakis, K. (2000). Toplum ve Bilinçdışı, Toplumsal Teori ve Toplumsalın Bilinçdışı Boyutu. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. google scholar
  • Lukes, S. (2005). Power, A Radical View. UK: Palgrave Macmillan. google scholar
  • Macleod, J. (2011). Ain’t No Makin’ It, Leveled Aspirations in a Low-Income Neighborhood. D. B. Grusky, ve S. Szelenyi (Dü) içinde, The Inequality Reader, Contemporary and Foundational Readings in Race, Class, and Gender (s. 530-544). New York: Routledge. google scholar
  • Mander, M. S. (1987). Bourdieu, The Sociology of Culture and Cultural Studies: A Critique. European Journal of Communication, 2(4), s. 427-453. google scholar
  • Margolis, J. (2000). Pierre Bourdieu: Habitus and the Logic of Practice. R. Shustennan (Dü.) içinde, Bourdieu, A Critical Reader (s. 64-83). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. google scholar
  • Maton, K. (2005). Book Review: The Sacred and the Profane: The Arbitrary Legacy of Pierre Bourdieu. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 8(1), s. 101-112. google scholar
  • Maton, K. (2008). Habitus. M. Grenfell (Dü.) içinde, Pierre Bourdieu: Key Concepts (s. 49-66). UK: Acumen. google scholar
  • McCall, L. (1992). Does Gender Fit? Bourdieu, Feminism, and Conceptions of Social Order. Theory and Society, 21(6), s. 837-867. google scholar
  • Moi, T. (1991). Appropriating Bourdieu: Feminist Theory and and Pierre Bourdieu’s Sociology of Culture. New Literary History, 22(4), s. 1017-1049. google scholar
  • Mouzelis, N. (2014). Katılımcı-Toplumsal Bütün Sorunu: Parsons, Bourdieu, Giddens. Ocak ve Zanaat, Pierre Bourdieu Derlemesi (s. 187-226). içinde İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
  • Myles, J. F. (2004). From Doxa to Experience, Issues in Bourdieu’s Adoption of Husserlian Phenomenology. Theory Culture Society, 21(2), s. 91-107. doi:10.1177/0263276404042136. google scholar
  • Nash, R. (2003). Social Explanation and Socialization: on Bourdieu and the Structure, Disposition, Practice Scheme. The Sociological Review, 51(1), s. 43-62. google scholar
  • Nash, R. (2006). The Cognitive Habitus: Its place in a Realist Account of Inequality/Difference. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 26(5), s. 599-612. doi:10.1080/0268093042000322801. google scholar
  • New, C. (2020). Sex and Gender, A Critical Realist Approach. M. van Ingen, S. Grohmann, ve L. Gunnarsson (Dü) içinde, Critical Realism, Feminism, and Gender: A Reader (s. 80-98). London: Routledge. google scholar
  • Nur, A., ve Koytak, E. (2014). Mümkün Bourdieu’ler Uzayında Bir Bourdieu: Türkiye Bilimsel Üretim Alanında Bourdieu Sosyolojisi. Sosyoloji Dergisi, 3(29), s. 331-356. google scholar
  • Nussbaum, M. C. (1994). Skepticism About Practical Reason in Literature and The Law. Harvard Law Review, 107(3), s. 714-744. google scholar
  • Öğütle, V. S. (2013). Reconsidering Real-Actual-Empirical Stratification. Journal of Critical Realism, 12(4), s. 479-506. doi:10.1179/1476743013Z.00000000012. google scholar
  • Öğütle, V. S. (2019). Kurumların Sosyal Gerçekliği, İlişkisel Realist Bir Yaklaşım. Ankara: Phoenix Yayınevi. google scholar
  • Pinto, L. (2000). Theory in Practice. R. Shustennan (Dü.) içinde, Bourdieu, A Critical Reader (s. 94-112). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers. google scholar
  • Ranciere, J. (2003). The Philosopher and His Poor. (J. Drury, C. Oster, ve A. Parker, Çev.) Durham ve London: Duke University Press. google scholar
  • Reay, D. (2004). ‘It’s All Becoming a Habitus’: Beyond the Habitual Use of Habitus in Educational Research. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 25(4), s. 431-444. google scholar
  • Reckwitz, A. (2002). Toward a Theory of Social Practices: A Development in Culturalist Theorizing. European Journal of Social Theory, 5(2), s. 243-263. google scholar
  • Rehmann, J. (2015). İdeoloji Kuramları, Yabancılaşmanın ve Boyun Eğmenin Güçleri. (Ş. Alpagut, Çev.) İstanbul: Yordam Kitap. google scholar
  • Retsikas, K. (2010). Unconscious Culture and Conscious Nature: Exploring East Javanese Conceptions of The Person Through Bourdieu’s Lens. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, s. 140-157. google scholar
  • Ritzer, G., ve Stepnisky, J. (2014). Sosyoloji Kuramları. (H. Hülür, Çev.) Ankara: De Ki Basım Yayım. google scholar
  • Rosengren, K. E. (1995). Substantive Theories and Formal Models - Bourdieu Confronted. European Journal of Communication, 10(7), s. 7-39. doi:10.1177/0267323195010001002. google scholar
  • Sayer, A. (1997). Critical Realism and the Limits to Critical Social Science. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 27(4), s. 473-488. google scholar
  • Sayer, A. (1999). Bourdieu, Smith and Disinterested Judgement. The Sociological Review, 47(3), s. 403-431. google scholar
  • Sayer, A. (2004). Restoring The Moral Dimension: Acknowledging Lay Normativity. Temmuz 2023 tarihinde Department of Sociology, Lancaster University: https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fass/resources/sociology-online-papers/papers/sayer-restoring-moral-dimension.pdf adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Sayer, A. (2010). Reflexivity and the Habitus. M. S. Archer (Dü.) içinde, Conversations About Reflexivity (s. 108-122). New York: Routledge. google scholar
  • Schafer, H. W. (2015). Habitus Analysis 1, Epistemology and Language. Germany: Springer VS. google scholar
  • Schafer, H. W. (2020). Habitus Analysis 2 - Praxeology and Meaning. Germany: Springer VS. google scholar
  • Schatzki, R. (2008). Overdue Analysis of Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice. Inquiry: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Philosophy(30), s. 113-135. google scholar
  • Sennett, R. (1993). Otorite. (K. Durand, Çev.) İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları. google scholar
  • Silva, E. B. (2005). Gender, Home and Family in Cultural Capital Theory. The British Journal of Sociology, 56(1), s. 83-103. doi:10.1111/j.1468-4446.2005.00048.x. google scholar
  • Skeggs , B. (2004). Context and Background: Pierre Bourdieu’s Analysis of Class, Gender and Sexuality. The Sociological Review, 52(2-suppl), s. 19-33. google scholar
  • Swartz, D. (1996). Bridging the Study of Culture and Religion: Pierre Bourdieu’s Political Economy of Symbolic Power. Sociology of Religion, 57(1), s. 71-85. google scholar
  • Swartz, D. (1997). Culture and Power, The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. London: University of Chicago Press. google scholar
  • Taylor, C. (2008). Benliğin Kaynakları. (S. A. Baş ve B. Baş, Çev.) İstanbul: Küre Yayınları. google scholar
  • Thevenot, L. (2011). Power and Oppression from the Perspective of The Sociology of Engagements: A Comparison with Bourdieu’s and Dewey’s Critical Approaches to Practical Activities. Irish Journal of Sociology, 19(1), s. 35-67. google scholar
  • Türk, B. H. (2014). "Sihirden Nefret Eden Bir İlüzyonist": Bourdieu, Gelenek ve İdeoloji. G. Çeğin, Göker Emrah, A. Arlı, ve Tatlıcan Ümit (Dü) içinde, Ocak ve Zanaat, Pierre Bourdieu Derlemesi (s. 605-626). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları. google scholar
  • Udasmoro, W. (2013). Symbolic Violence in Everyday Narrations: Gender Contruction in Indonesian Television. Asian Journal of Social Sciences ve Humanities, 2(3), s. 155-165. google scholar
  • Van den Berg, A. (1998). Is Sociological Theory Too Grand for Social Mechanisms? P. Hedström, veR. Swedberg (Dü) içinde, Social Mechanisms, An Analytical Approach to Social Theory (s. 204-237). UK: Cambridge University Press. google scholar
  • Vandenberghe, F. (2012). Gerçek İlişkiseldir: Pierre Bourdieu’nün Üretken Yapısalcılığının Epistemolojik Bir Analizi. G. Çeğin, ve E. Göker (Dü) içinde, Tözccülüğün Tasfiyesi, İlişkisel Sosyolojide Temel Yaklaşımlar (Ü. Tatlıcan, Çev., s. 385-426). Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları. google scholar
  • Vogt, K. (2022). Ancient Skepticism. Aralık 2022 tarihinde The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2022/entries/skepticism-ancient/ adresinden alındı. google scholar
  • Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic Power and Group-making: On Pierre Bourdieu’s Reframing of Class. Journal of Classical Sociology, s. 274-291. doi:10.1177/1468795X12468737. google scholar
  • Watts, M. (2013). The Complexities of Adaptive Preferences in Post-compulsory Education: Insights from the Fable of The Fox and the Grapes. Journal ofHuman Development and Capabilities, 14(4), s. 503 -519. doi:10.1080/19452829.2013.800847. google scholar
  • Weininger, E. B. (2002). Class and Causation in Bourdieu. J. M. Lehmann (Dü.) içinde, Bringing Capitalism Back for Critique by Social Theory (Cilt 21, s. 49-114). South Australia: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. google scholar
  • Weininger, E. B. (2005). Pierre Bourdieu on Social Class and Symbolic Violence. E. O. Wright (Dü.) içinde, Approaches to Class Analysis (s. 116-165). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. google scholar

Citations

Copy and paste a formatted citation or use one of the options to export in your chosen format


EXPORT



APA

Ersözlü, S. (2024). A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence. Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies, 0(28), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


AMA

Ersözlü S. A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence. Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies. 2024;0(28):1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


ABNT

Ersözlü, S. A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence. Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 28, p. 1-19, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Ersözlü, Selda,. 2024. “A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence.” Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies 0, no. 28: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


Chicago: Humanities Style

Ersözlü, Selda,. “A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence.” Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies 0, no. 28 (Dec. 2024): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


Harvard: Australian Style

Ersözlü, S 2024, 'A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence', Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 0, no. 28, pp. 1-19, viewed 23 Dec. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Ersözlü, S. (2024) ‘A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence’, Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies, 0(28), pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762 (23 Dec. 2024).


MLA

Ersözlü, Selda,. “A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence.” Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 0, no. 28, 2024, pp. 1-19. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


Vancouver

Ersözlü S. A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence. Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies [Internet]. 23 Dec. 2024 [cited 23 Dec. 2024];0(28):1-19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762 doi: 10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762


ISNAD

Ersözlü, Selda. “A Critical Evaluation of Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Symbolic Violence”. Istanbul University Journal of Women’s Studies 0/28 (Dec. 2024): 1-19. https://doi.org/10.26650/iukad.2023.1370762



TIMELINE


Submitted03.10.2023
Accepted22.02.2024
Published Online22.05.2024

LICENCE


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


SHARE




Istanbul University Press aims to contribute to the dissemination of ever growing scientific knowledge through publication of high quality scientific journals and books in accordance with the international publishing standards and ethics. Istanbul University Press follows an open access, non-commercial, scholarly publishing.