Muhammed

Assist. Prof.

Transportation and Digitalization: Determining the Digital Maturity Levels of Businesses Providing International Transportation Services

Hakan

Burcu

The adoption of the most appropriate strategy to assist seaport operators in gaining a competitive advantage in their management processes is crucial for achieving sustainable growth and enhancing competitive strength. This study aims to develop a model to guide senior management in selecting strategies for seaport companies. The research proposes a model that helps identify the most suitable strategy among three basic approaches used by seaport operators, based on key performance indicators (KPIs) commonly applied in the industry. In the model, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine the relative weights of six dimensions of seaport performance indicators.Data was collected through surveys distributed to participants in focus group interviews, comprising experts from various sectors with signiﬁcant experience in their ﬁelds. The experts included four academics, four terminal operator managers, four seaport managers, and four ship transportation business managers. These responses were analyzed using the Super Decision software package. As a result, the weights (coeﬃcients) of the six factors inﬂuencing seaport performance were identiﬁed. These factors are organized into six primary dimensions, which are further subdivided into 16 sub-dimensions. The weights of both the main dimensions and their sub-dimensions were calculated by comparing the factors on a Likert scale.In the proposed model, seaport performance indicators serve as the criteria for strategy selection, while the three strategies available to seaport operators represent the alternatives. The three basic strategies for seaport companies are: cost leadership, diﬀerentiation, and responsiveness (rapid response).To weight the main criteria and their sub-dimensions, a group decision-making approach was employed, involving four par- ticipants from each of four key stakeholder groups who are directly involved in or impacted by seaport operations. The criteria comparisons provided by each stakeholder were entered into the Super Decision software. After conﬁrming that the inconsistency ratio was below the threshold of 0.10, the weights of the main criteria and their sub-dimensions were calculated by taking the geometric mean of each comparison across all 16 participants.The analysis revealed that the main criterion with the highest weight was "Terminal and Supply Chain Integration" (0.27), while "Supporting Activities" was the criterion with the lowest weight (0.06). After determining the weights, two seaport operator managers (coded as A and B) were asked to rate the three strategies on a scale from 1 to 10 for each sub-dimension of the main criteria. The weighted scores were then calculated by multiplying the ratings by the corresponding weights of the sub-dimensions and main criteria. The ﬁnal scores were derived by summing the weighted scores for each sub-dimension.Seaport operator manager A assigned the highest score (8.48) to the diﬀerentiation strategy, indicating that it was the most suitable for their port. The second-highest score (8.28) was given to the responsiveness strategy, while the cost leadership strategy received the lowest score (8.22). Similarly, seaport operator manager B also rated the diﬀerentiation strategy highest (8.25), followed by the responsiveness strategy (8.16). The cost leadership strategy received the lowest score (6.80) from manager B.In this study’s modeling approach, the key performance indicators (KPIs) of seaport enterprises were utilized as criteria for evaluating strategic alternatives. Consequently, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model was structured with the goal positioned at the highest level. The second level includes six primary marine performance indicators as the main criteria. The third level consists of the sub-dimensions of these main criteria, while the lowest level of the model represents the strategic alternatives.In other words, the framework of the study is organized into a four-tier hierarchical structure. In this model, the criteria and goals in the ﬁrst three levels are interlinked through nodes. However, the strategic alternatives at the bottom level are not interconnected with the other layers and are independently assessed. This distinctive approach sets our study apart from conventional AHP models, lending it an innovative character.

In the Strategy Choices of Sea Port Operations Decision Making Process with AHP  Modeling

Cenk

Exploring Uncertainty in Maritime Collisions: A Qualitative FRAM Approach

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Yahya

Prof. Dr.

Ahmet

Prof.

Mustafa

Betül

Tufan

Yiğit

Assoc. Prof.

Elif

Sabriye

Şehnaz

Tansel

Ömer

Veysel

Kamil Ahmet

Yücel

Yunus

Günnur

Erdal

Alper

Ayşe

Selçuk

Nihal

Musa

Serap

Bedia

Serhat

Levent

Dündar

Sadık

Muhittin

Haluk

Bülent

Yaşar

Saadet

Namık

Barbaros

Mehmet

Nedret

Emine

Nuriye

Mürteza

Ramazan

Abuzer

Bilgehan

Haydar

İbrahim

Abdullah

Melek

Meriç

Halim

Emrah

Ayşegül

Sabire

Beldan

Sema

Nuray

Murat

Metin

Adnan

ORCID

Turan

Sercan

Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Smart and Sustainable Supplier Balanced Scorecard: A Novel Hybrid Best-Worst-Based Method

Hüseyin

Prediction of Airline Ticket Price Using Machine Learning Method

Mücella

Enabling Intelligent Transport in Smart Cities: A 5G Valley in Türkiye

Kübra

Fatih

Umut

A Research on The Opportunities of Autonomous Unmanned Marine Vehicles to Enhance Maritime Safety and Security

Nazmiye

Evaluation of Sustainable Transportation in 25 European Countries Using GRA and Entropy MABAC

Emre

Assessment of the Logistics Performance Index of OPEC Countries with ENTROPY, CRITIC and LOPCOW-based EDAS Methods

Ayça

The increase in global trade volume has led to an increasing emphasis on activities such as transportation, storage, on-time delivery, and customs clearance of final products. Since 2007, the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and its findings have become standard reference material in numerous studies and policy documents on international logistics. The LPI is a worldwide survey conducted by the World Bank. The increasing trend of this important indicator could be a sign that countries will become more attractive in international trade.The irregular fluctuations in Turkey’s score in the Logistics Performance Index have sparked the question of "What is Turkey’s importance given to its logistics performance?". To answer this question, the sources were examined first. In the preliminary research phase, the frequency of LPI components in these sources was analyzed, assuming that this frequency could represent the importance of this topic in Turkey. The online sources reached during the preliminary research can be divided into three categories. These are public, private sector, and civil society organizations.&nbsp;Public sources include reports on the improvement of customs services such as those found on the websites of the General Directorate of Customs, the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure, and the Ministry of Development, as well as plans such as the 11th Development Plan. Public sources either cover only a certain part of the logistics field, not the entire logistics field, or they cover other fields, not just the logistics field.Private sector sources include reports from companies with a large logistics sector share, especially those operating internationally. Since many of these reports belong to multinational companies, the data in the reports may not only be related to Turkey. Additionally, a significant portion of private sector businesses may not be able to influence customs procedures or infrastructure investments alone.The last type of source comes from civil society organizations, also known as the third sector. These sources are publications by associations such as Tüsiad, Loder, and Utikad. In this study, 24 journal issues published periodically since 2018 by Utikad, a non-governmental organization operating in logistics, were used as sources.After examining data from online sources, content analysis was chosen. In content analysis, category selection can be made with either an inductive or a deductive approach. In the inductive approach, categories are selected or determined before the collected literature is analyzed. In the deductive approach, categories are developed based on generalizations obtained from the collected literature (Goel, et al., 2019). The current study employs deductive content analysis.&nbsp;During the word selection phase, efforts were made to identify terms representing the six categories of the Logistics Performance Index. The World Bank’s survey and LPI resources were utilized as primary references for examining these categories (Çemberci et al., 2015; Gergin and Baki, 2015; Soliani, 2018). Following the categorization of survey questions, keywords from these questions were extracted for content analysis. To ensure reliability, two academics specializing in logistics reviewed the selected keywords.The ’Full Reader Search’ function of Adobe Acrobat Reader Software was employed to determine frequencies. However, each root word discovered was carefully assessed for relevance. If deemed pertinent and not an advertisement, it was considered for frequency analysis. Consequently, frequency numbers for sub-criteria in the journal issues were established, and frequency tables were organized by year.The selected association journal releases four issues annually. Consequently, a total of 24 journal issues were reviewed spanning the years 2018 to 2023, each containing four issues. SOAR analysis was conducted on the six components of the LPI, taking into account the frequencies and articles within the examined journals.This study highlights the importance of improving Turkey’s LPI to attract foreign investment and boost national income. Greater emphasis on all LPI components, particularly infrastructure (including air infrastructure), can significantly enhance Turkey’s logistics performance. This research, focusing on publications from a single source, offers valuable insights. Future studies could benefit from including data from the private and public sectors, alongside in-depth interviews, to provide a more comprehensive picture of the importance placed on the LPI in Turkey. By addressing the identified areas for improvement and conducting more in-depth research, Turkey can solidify its position in the global logistics landscape.&nbsp;

Assessing The Importance Attributed by Turkey to Logistics Performance: Application Of Content Analysis on Association Publications

Nihat

Halit

Assessment of Profitability of Small-Scale Traditional Taxi Services: A Case Study of a Taxi Stand

Serkan

Üsame

&nbsp;Transportation systems are essential for socioeconomic development by ensuring access and mobility. The efficiency of these sys tems, particularly in road and rail transport, significantly influences a country’s economic growth and environmental sustainability. This study offers a comparative analysis of transportation systems in Türkiye and European countries with similar population sizes and geographical characteristics, such as Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Poland, and the United Kingdom. The objective is to assess Türkiye’s current standing in various transportation modes and identify areas for improvement, particularly in rail transport.This analysis utilizes data from internationally recognized sources, including the OECD, Eurostat, and the World Bank, focusing on the period from 2010 to 2021. It examines transportation infrastructure and modal shares in road and rail transport for both &nbsp;passenger and freight movement. The study highlights the role of geographical and political factors in shaping transportation preferences across countries.&nbsp;The findings reveal that Türkiye relies heavily on road transport, with 99.4% of passenger transportation and 95.1% of freight transportation carried out by road in 2021 when the modal shares in land transportation is analyzed. This level of dependency on a single mode of transport is in stark contrast to the more diversified modal distributions observed in other European countries. For instance, in Germany and France, a more balanced approach is seen, with significant portions of both passenger and freight movement being handled by rail. Germany, in particular, stands out with over 20% of its freight being transported via rail. In Türkiye, by contrast, rail accounts for only 0.6% of passenger transport and 4.9% of freight transport. These figures suggest that Türkiye has significant untapped potential in the rail sector, which could be developed to reduce its overwhelming reliance on road transport.Geographical conditions and political strategies play a key role in determining transportation infrastructure choices. Türkiye’s vast, mountainous terrain has historically favored road transport due to its flexibility. In contrast, flatter landscapes in countries like Germany and France have enabled more effective investment in rail networks, contributing to higher rail usage rates. The role of EU transportation policies, which promote sustainable and integrated transport systems, has also been crucial in shaping the transportation strategies of European countries.&nbsp;Based on these findings, several recommendations are made to enhance Türkiye’s transportation system. First, increasing investment in rail infrastructure is essential to reduce reliance on road transport. Expanding and modernizing the rail network, particularly for freight transport, will improve logistics efficiency. Second, enhancing multimodaltransportationsystems,especially by integrating road and rail transport, will lead to more efficient logistics operations. This can be encouraged through government policies and incentives that promote the use of rail for long-distance freight. Lastly, promoting sustainable transportation is critical. Prioritizing the development of electric and hybrid vehicles, expanding public transit systems, and investing in green transportation infrastructure will contribute to reduced carbon emissions and align with global sustainability objectives.&nbsp;This comparative analysis underscores both the strengths and weaknesses of Türkiye’s current transportation system. While Türkiye has a dominant position in road transport, its underdeveloped rail sector presents a strategic opportunity for investment and policy reform. By addressing these areas and implementing the suggested improvements, Türkiye can enhance its transportation efficiency, support sustainable development, and strengthen its competitiveness in the global logistics market.Providing access to more up-to-date data in future studies will contribute to obtaining more accurate and comprehensive results in the analysis of transport systems. Especially with the inclusion of data for the period after 2023-2024 in international databases, the long-term effects of the pandemic on the transport sector and the effects of the investments made in this process can be evaluated more clearly. Making national and international data sources more accessible, improving data collection processes and evaluating the latest developments in countries’ transport policies will make an important contribution to future research.

Comparative Analysis of Türkiye and European Countries with Similar  Characteristics in Terms of Transportation Systems

Res. Assist. Dr.

Demir

Res. Assist.

Bulut

Assist. Prof. Dr.

Effects of the Maritime Silk Road on Port Development along the Route of Belt and Road Initiative

Bükra

Esma

Deciding the Criteria for Software Selection: A Bibliometric Review

Begüm

Selim

Analysis and Comparison of Electric Scooter Crashes: A Review of Crash  Characteristics and Health Outcomes in Türkiye

Nurgül

Lean Logistics, Lean Supply Chain, And Lean Supply Chain Management  For Sustainability: WOS (1987-2024)

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

Orhan

Uzman

One of the most important stages of aid activities carried out by humanitarian aid organizations is logistics activities. These activities often play a key role. Logistics, which is defined as procurement at the right time, in the right place, and in the right amount, becomes important in humanitarian aid. These activities are generally carried out in various humanitarian areas such as food, health services, clothing, education, and psychological support.Therefore, their logistics performance is of great importance when humanitarian organizations deliver aid to a region where humanitarian crises occur. Recently, with the impact of humanitarian crises, the question of how to measure the response times and logistics competencies and performance of humanitarian organizations operating in this field has come to the fore.Aim: The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the logistics performance of NGOs working in the field of humanitarian aid. Other objectives are to examine the impact of productivity and efficiency performance of organizations on logistics performance and to determine the effects of these variables. In order to reach the aim of the study, it was supported with a field study. The research model was created with the data obtained from the field study and the model was tested with the collected data. This study aims to contribute to the literature by determining the factors that affect the logistics performance of organizations and drawing conclusions containing useful information for organizations.Method: Due to the scope of work of domestic and foreign origin, non-governmental organizations operating in Turkey have been the target of the research group. A field study was conducted on these organizations, the data and information were analyzed in the SPSS statistical analysis program, and the hypotheses of the research were tested. The hypotheses established to achieve the purpose of the study are as follows: “H1:The productivity performance of the organization positively affects its logistics performance,” and “H2:The organization’s efficiency performance positively affects its logistics performance.” These hypotheses were tested.Findings: According to the results, productivity performance has a significant and positive effect on logistics performance and efficiency performance has a significant but negative effect on logistics performance. As a result of the analysis, the first hypothesis of the study (“H1: The productivity performance of the organization affects the logistics performance positively.”) was accepted.According to the established regression model, it was determined that efficiency performance has a negative effect on logistic performance. Therefore, the second hypothesis of the study (“H2: The efficiency performance of the organization affects the logistics performance positively.”) was rejectedResult: Good tooling, good equipment, and good timing with bureaucratic permits are essential for good logistics performance. A well-established logistics coordination system ensures that the organization always performs logistics well. It has been observed that productivity performance and efficiency performance have effects on logistics performance. Finding trained personnel in civil society (the third sector), presents difficulties compared to the private and public sectors. This situation causes the personnel working in humanitarian aid organizations to either work temporarily or work on a project-based contract. Therefore, employees cannot provide stability in the organizations they work with. Finally, it is important to note that there are several factors necessary for good logistic performance. Even if all of these come together, sometimes additional problems occur and cause the logistics activity to be interrupted or even halted. Good teams, good equipment, and good timing are absolutely necessary for good logistics performance, together with bureaucratic permits. A well-established logistics coordination system ensures that the organization always exhibits good logistics performance.

Productivity, Efficiency and Logistics Performance Assessment of Humanitarian Relief Organizations

Tanzer

Novel Indexes to Measure Competitiveness of Container Shipping Companies

Uğur

Using Data Envelopment Analysis for Measuring the Efficiency of Water Bottling Distributors

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Fuat

Controller Design for Roll Motion of a Planing Hull From a Safe Transportation Perspective

As emphasized in this study, integration with suppliers is possible with the integration of processes. A process is a set of activities designed to produce a specific output for a particular customer or market (Davenport, 1993). Process integration, on the other hand, refers to the management of various activities that aim to combine relevant business processes within and across companies, and to eliminate duplicate or redundant processes in order to create a better functioning supply chain (Chen vd., 2009).&nbsp;Process integration with suppliers requires regular communication between cross-organizational work teams and partners. Firm integration ensures that inter-organizational business processes work in collaboration. Thus, it improves firm performance by creating synchronous processes (Frohlich ve Westbrook, 2001) throughout the supply chain and provides operational synergy, resulting in higher productivity.Mellat-Parast and Spillan (2014) stated that supply chain process integration is the most important indicator of the competitive position of the company, and determined its positive effect on firm competitiveness. Chen et al. (2009) dimensioned process integration with suppliers as internal process integration and external process integration, and found that external process integration positively affects firm performance. Langerak et al. (2007) also investigated the effect of product performance on firm performance, and found a positive effect. Narasimhan and Kim (2002) investigated the moderating effect of market uncertainty in the relationship between planning integration and profitability, and found that profitability increased in markets with low uncertainty. Liao and Tu (2008) found that the integration of production processes had more impact on production performance under conditions of high environmental uncertainty. For these reasons, the hypotheses of the research are determined as follows.H1: Process integration with the supplier has a positive effect on firm performance. H2: Process integration with the supplier has a positive effect on product performance. H3: The effect of process integration on firm performance is mediated by product performance. H4: Product performance has a positive effect on firm performance. H5: Market uncertainty has a moderating effect on the effect of Process Integration with Supplier on firm performance.The research was applied on SMEs operating in Istanbul and Gebze. The sample of the research consists of 156 industrial companies. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analyzes were performed to test the validity and reliability of the scales. As a result of EFA, factor loads were obtained at over 0.50 for all scales, and KMO values were obtained at over 0.70. Reliability analysis showed that the alpha coefficient value for all scales was determined by over 0.70. CFA showed, that the scales meets the goodness of fit criteria. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was found that there was a significant relationship between variables in the same direction at the level of 0.01 significance.&nbsp;As a result of structural equation analysis of the model, the process integration with suppliers positively affected product performance and firm performance; It has also been determined that product performance affects firm performance positively. The bootstrap method was used to test the mediation role of product performance on the impact of process integration with suppliers on firm performance. In order to test the mediating role of product performance, the significance of indirect effects was examined, and the bootstrap method was used for this. The highest likelihood method was used in 95% confidence interval consisting of 1000 samples and the Monte Carlo parametric bootstrap option was chosen. Indirect effects confidence interval lower value was determined as 0.204, and the confidence interval upper value was found as 0.377. It was found that the significance level of indirect effects is below 0.01, which means it is meaningful. The fact that the confidence interval lower and upper value ranges do not include zero, and being meaningful indicates that product performance has an intermediary role in the impact of strategic integration with suppliers on firm performance.Path analysis was conducted to analyze the moderating role of market uncertainty in the impact of process integration with suppliers on firm performance. For this purpose, an interaction variable is formed, which is the multiplication of the process integration and the market uncertainty variables. As a result of the moderating impact analysis, it was seen that process integration and market uncertainty had a positive effect on firm performance. However, the interaction variable did not significantly affect firm performance. This finding shows that market uncertainty has no moderating effect on the effect of process integration on firm performance. The reason for this is thought to be related to the fact that market uncertainty includes a more market-oriented perspective. According to this finding, it will be possible to say that the uncertainties in the market are not related to the procurement processes. As a result of the research, the H1, H2, H3 and H4 hypotheses were supported, while the H5 hypothesis could not be supported.

The Mediating Role of Product Performance on the Effect of Process Integration with Suppliers on Firm Performance

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

Journal of Transportation and Logistics (JTL) is a new multidisciplinary published official journal of Istanbul University, The School of Transportation and Logistics. Published twice a year in May and November. The aim of the journal is to disseminate the new ideas on the issues and problems faced by transportation and logistics industry which becomes irrevocable for the global economy. JTL provides academicians and practitioners with a dynamic platform to discuss and analyze the new issues for transportation and logistics. It presents an independent, original and elaborated analysis to facilitate the interchange of information about logistics and supply chain management among business planners and researchers on a world-wide basis as well as a platform for new thinking on the problems and techniques of logistics and supply chain management. Starting from 2025, the journal will only evaluate articles in English. Turkish articles will not be evaluated except for the ones that are still in process.

Academicians and practitioners are invited to submit articles, research papers, case studies and review articles that progress the science and practice of transportation, logistics and supply chain management. While articles in any area of transportation, logistics or supply chain management are welcomed, the editors are especially interested in those dealing with managerial applications of theory and technique. Articles which provide guidelines for framing, interpreting or implementing the transport and logistics process in the supply chain are of particular interest.

Muhammet

Open AIRE

EBSCO

ERIH PLUS

TR Dizin

DOAJ

SOBIAD

Cabells Journalytics

Gale Cengage

@METRIC_VOLUMES

@METRIC_ISSUES

@METRIC_ARTICLES

@METRIC_OPENACCESS

Journal of Transportation and Logistics

@INFO_TAB_ABOUT

Editor in Chief

Co Editor in Chief

Managing Editor

Statistics Editor

Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

@INFO_TAB_BOARDS

Journal of Transportation and Logistics (JTL) is a multidisciplinary and semi-annual published official journal of Istanbul University, The Faculty of Transportation and Logistics. The aim of the journal is to disseminate the new ideas on the issues and problems faced by transportation and logistics industry which becomes irrevocable for the global economy. JTL provides academicians and practitioners with a dynamic platform to discuss and analyze the new issues for transportation and logistics. It presents an independent, original and elaborated analysis to facilitate the interchange of information about logistics and supply chain management among business planners and researchers on a world-wide basis as well as a platform for new thinking on the problems and techniques of logistics and supply chain management. Academicians and practitioners are invited to submit articles, research papers, case studies and review articles that progress the science and practice of transportation, logistics and supply chain management. While articles in any area of transportation, logistics or supply chain management are welcomed, the editors are especially interested in those dealing with managerial applications of theory and technique. Articles which provide guidelines for framing, interpreting or implementing the transport and logistics process in the supply chain are of particular interest. Thus, subjects covered in this journal may include business; entrepreneurship; management and accounting; corporate governance; customer relationship management (CRM); marketing; human resources management; economics, finance, business &amp; industry; industry &amp; industrial studies; logistics; inbound and outbound logistics; supply chain management; transport industries; green logistics; reverse logistics; humanitarian logistics; sustainability; city logistics. All articles are anonymously reviewed for publication by referees who look for original ideas that are clearly presented.

Aim & Scope

<ul><li><a href="https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/dergi/TVRjM09Uaz0/journal-of-transportation-and-logisitics" target="">TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM TR Dizin</a> </li><li><a href="https://www.openaire.eu/" target="_blank">Open AIRE</a></li><li><a href="https://doaj.org/toc/2459-1718?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%222459-1718%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22created_date%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D" target="_blank">DOAJ</a></li><li>ERIH PLUS</li><li>SOBİAD</li><li>EBSCO Central &amp; Eastern European Academic Source </li><li>Cabells Journalytics </li><li>Gale Cengage </li></ul>

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Policies

The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free ofcharge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.

Authors publishing with the journal retain the copyright to their work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a> ) and grant the Publisher non-exclusive commercial right to publish the work. CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Editor should consider publishing correction if minor errors that do not effect the results, interpretations and conclusions of the published paper are detected. Editor should consider retraction if major errors and/or misconduction that invalidate results and conclusions are detected.Editor should consider issuing an expression of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are not reliable and institutions of the authors do not investigate the case or the possible investigation seems to be unfair or nonconclusive. The guidelines of <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts/complete-set-english" target="_blank">COPE</a> and <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/" target="_blank">ICJME</a> are taken into consideration regarding correction, retractions or expression of concern.RetractionJournal follows <a href="https://publicationethics.org/sites/default/files/retraction-guidelines-cope.pdf" target="_blank">COPE’s Retraction Guidelines</a> in case of retraction. The editor has the right to retract an article if: <ul><li>There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable; either as a result of a major error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error), or as a result of fabrication (e.g. of data) or falsification (e.g. image manipulation).</li><li>It contains plagiarised content. </li><li>It has been published elsewhere without proper attribution. </li><li>It contains material or data without authorisation for use.</li><li>There is copyright infringement or there is some other serious legal issue.</li><li>It reports unethical research. </li><li>There is evidence that the peer-review process is compromised or manipulated.</li><li>The author(s) failed to disclose a significant competing interest (also known as a conflict of interest) that, in the opinion of the editor, would have unduly influenced the interpretation of the work or the recommendations of the editors and peer reviewers.</li></ul>In case of retraction the following steps are followed:<ul><li>Retraction notice including article title is published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The retraction notice is paginated and listed in the table of contents. </li><li>A link is provided between the retraction notice and the original article in the electronic version. </li><li>The online article is preceded by a page containing the retraction notice; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.</li><li>The original article remains unchanged, except for a watermark on the .pdf on each page stating that it has been &#34;retracted”.</li></ul>Article Removal for Legal ReasonsIn the following circumstances, except the metadata (title and authors), the text of the article is removed and a page informing that the article has been removed for legal reasons replaces the article. <ul><li>The article is found to be defamatory or to infringe the legal rights of others, and retraction is not deemed to be an adequate solution.</li><li>The article has been, or is reasonably likely to be the subject of a court order.</li><li>There is a significant risk to public health. </li></ul>

To guarantee that all papers published in the journal are maintained and permanently accessible, articles are stored in Dergipark which serves as a  national archival web site and at the same time permits LOCKSS to  collect, preserve, and serve the content.Additionally, authors are encouraged to self-archive the final PDF version of their articles in open electronic archives with  that conform to standards of Open Archives Initiative (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>). Authors should provide a link from the deposited version to the URL of IUPress journal website.

The Journal of Transportation and Logistics is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, to access the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-bestpractice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-bestpractice-scholarly-publishing</a> All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publisher) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles. All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

The Journal of Transportation and Logistics adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules. <ul><li>Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.</li><li>The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.</li><li>The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.</li><li>Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion. - Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.</li><li>The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest must be disclosed.</li><li>In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.</li><li>If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.</li><li>In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.</li></ul>

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced. All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/C9715CBF313140CAB130C5613C15A585" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a>. The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section. All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment. When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing. Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed. Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal. Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective. Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side. A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process. The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation. Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. Editor-inChief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international external referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims. Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal. Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review. - Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?- Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?- Is the problem significant and concisely stated? - Are the methods described comprehensively? - Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?- Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?- Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side. A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process. The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

LanguageArticles in Turkish and English are published. Submitted manuscript must include an abstract both in the article language and in English, and an extended abstract in English as well. However extended abstract in English is not required for articles in English.Manuscript Organization All correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="https://iupress.istanbul.edu.tr/tr/journal/jtl/home" target="_blank">https://iupress.istanbul.edu.tr/tr/journal/jtl/home</a> that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/767/submission/step/manuscript/new" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/767/submission/step/manuscript/new</a> and it must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/AD3E8C2C1BD146988E9E9677FAF2B7D1" target="_blank">Title Page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/C9715CBF313140CAB130C5613C15A585" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted.1. Manuscripts should be prepared using the Article Template. Due to double blind peer review, manuscript file must not include any information about the author.2. A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/AD3E8C2C1BD146988E9E9677FAF2B7D1" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, ORCID, postal address, phone, mobile phone and fax number of the author(s) (see The Submission Checklist).3. Before the introduction part, there should be an abstract of 180-200 words in English. If the manuscript is in Turkish, extended abstract in English between 600-800 word is required.. Underneath the abstracts, 3 keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified.4. The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract and keywords; extended abstract in English (for articles in Turkish), sections, references, tables and figures.5. References should be in accordance with American Psychological Association (APA) style 6th Edition.6. Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the journal for publication.Manuscript SubmissionDergiPark manuscript submission site of the journal is: <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/767/submission/step/manuscript/new" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/767/submission/step/manuscript/new</a>The manuscript must be submitted through the account of the corresponding author. The account of authors other than the corresponding author or someone else who is not included as an author in the work must not be used for submission. All correspondence regarding the submission is made with the correspondingauthor through e-mail via the DergiPark system.While uploading Main Document, make sure that the main document has no information that clarify the author’s identity. Due to double blind peer review, Main Document must not include Title Page, the name of author or any other detail that can disclose the author identity.

Author Guidelines

Research Article: Original research articles report substantial and original scientific results within the journal scope. Original research articles are comprised of Abstract, Key Words, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References and Figures, Tables and Graphics.<ul type="disc"> <li>Abstract: The abstracts in English must be between 180-200 words and state aim, method, result and conclusions of the study. If the article is in Turkish 180-200 words of abstract both in Turkish and English and  extended abstract of 600-800 words in English must be written as well following the abstracts.</li> <li>Introduction: This section must contain a clear statement of the general and specific objectives as well as the hypotheses which the work is designed to test. It should also give a brief account of the reported literature. It should clearly state the primary and secondary purposes of the article. Only, the actual references related with the issues have to be indicated and data or findings related with the current study must not be included in this section.</li> <li>Methods: This section must contain explicit, concise descriptions of all procedures, materials and methods (i.e. data sources, participants, scales, interviews/reviews, basic measurements, applications, statistical methods) used in the investigation to enable the reader to judge their accuracy, reproducibility, etc. This section should include the known findings at the beginning of the study and the findings during the study must be reported in results section.</li> <li>Results: The results should be presented in logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures, giving the main or most important findings first. The all the data in the tables or figures should not be repeated in the text; only the most important observations must be emphasized or summarized.</li> <li>Discussion: The findings of the study, the findings and results which support or do not support the hypothesis of the study should be discussed, results should be compared and contrasted with findings of other studies in the literature and the different findings from other studies should be explained. The new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them should be emphasized. The data or other information given in the Introduction or the Results section should not be repeated in detail.</li> <li>Conclusions: Conclusions derived from the study should be stated. The conclusions should be linked with the goals of the study but unqualified statements and conclusions not adequately supported by the data should be avoided. New hypotheses should be stated when warranted, but should be labeled clearly as such.</li> <li>Figures, Tables and Graphics: Figures, tables and graphics materials should be “.jpg, .tiff or .jpeg” format and they should be submitted with the article. These materials should be min. 300 pixels and they must not be bigger than page size. The illustrations should not exceed 10 pages. All illustrations should be labelled and a list of figures with captions, legends, and credits should be provided on a separate page.</li> </ul>Review Article: Reviews prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential are welcomed. These authors may even be invited by the journal. Review article should contain title, abstract and keywords; body text with sections, and references.

<ul><li><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/C9715CBF313140CAB130C5613C15A585" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a></li><li><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/AD3E8C2C1BD146988E9E9677FAF2B7D1" target="_blank">Title page</a></li><li><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/5A330634E02C46B79CB96FDF214E0C47" target="_blank">Author Form</a></li></ul>

Ensure that the following items are present:<ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that the category of the manuscript is specifed.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that disclosure of any commercial or financial involvement is provided.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that last control for fluent English was done.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in line with APA 6th.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>&#65279;<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/C9715CBF313140CAB130C5613C15A585" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a></li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Permission of previous published material if used in the present manuscript</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/AD3E8C2C1BD146988E9E9677FAF2B7D1" target="_blank">Title page</a></li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>The category of the manuscript</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>ORCIDs of all authors.</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Grant support (if exists)</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Conflict of interest (if exists)</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Acknowledgement (if exists)</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Main Manuscript Document</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Important: Please avoid mentioning the author (s) names in the manuscript</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Abstract (180-200 words)</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Key words: 3 words</li><li>Extended abstract in English: 600-800 words (for articles in Turkish) </li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>Body text sections</li> </ul><ul type="disc"> <li>References</li></ul>

Journal of Transportation and Logistics

JTL

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