Research Article


DOI :10.26650/oba.1398100   IUP :10.26650/oba.1398100    Full Text (PDF)

Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine

Alpen OrtugIşılsu Ezgi UluışıkGürsel Ortug

This study aimed to assess the status of anatomy as a scientific discipline within Ottoman medicine in the context of modern medicine and to compare it with other contemporary schools of thought while also comparing the progress of European anatomy through the first decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft. Starting in 1839, Ottoman authorities endeavored to establish a European-style foundation for anatomy, recognized as the oldest and most fundamental branch of medicine by the medical community, while also forging extensive relations with the European scientific community, including inviting physicians from central Europe to modernize the field of anatomy and promote comprehensive education in Ottoman medicine. We analyzed the supplements of the Anatomische Anzeiger journal (Verhandlungen der Anatomischen Gesellschaft, Anatomische Gesellschaft) for the first ten years of congress submissions, specifically focusing on presentations, demonstrations, and the participation of international physicians and scientists. Additionally, we searched the online archives of the Ottoman state archives for invitations to scientific meetings and information about the involvement of scientists. This revealed that despite the active participation of many scientists in international meetings other than anatomy, particularly in research related to public health, there was a noticeable absence of contributions in the field of anatomy. This reveals that the modernization efforts of Ottoman medicine were primarily intended to define educational goals, with scientific research and application significantly neglected during this period. Our argument is supported by the fact that scientists trained in the same tradition, primarily from Vienna, played a significant role in both their quantity and experimental studies within the scientific activities of the Anatomische Gesellschaft considered in this study. 

DOI :10.26650/oba.1398100   IUP :10.26650/oba.1398100    Full Text (PDF)

Avrupa’nın En Eski Anatomi Derneği Anatomische Gesellschaft’ın İlk On Yılına Osmanlı Tıbbı ile Karşılaştırmalı Bakış

Alpen OrtugIşılsu Ezgi UluışıkGürsel Ortug

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Osmanlı Tıbbı içinde anatomiyi çağdaş tıp bağlamında bir bilim dalı olarak dönemi içerisindeki diğer bilim platformları ile Anatomische Gesellschaft’ın ilk on yılı boyunca anatominin ilerleyişini inceleyerek karşılaştırmaktır. Tıp camiası açısından tıbbın en eski, önemli ve temel bilim dalı olarak kabul edilen anatomi, Osmanlı Tıbbında 1839 yılı ile çağdaş zemine oturtulmaya çalışılmış, bilim dalının modernleşmesi, ciddi anlamda eğitim-öğretim yapılabilmesi için Avrupa bilim ortamı ile ileri derecede ilişkiler sağlanmış ve misafir hekimler getirilmiştir. Bu hekimlerin bir araştırma sahası olarak anatomi bilimine etkileri bugüne kadar araştırılmamıştır. Avrupa’nın en eski anatomi cemiyeti olan Anatomische Gesellschaft’ın kuruluşunun ilk on yılına odaklanarak, derneğin resmi dergisi Anatomische Anzeiger üzerinden kongre sunumları, gösteriler ve uluslararası katılımcılar araştırılmış ve aynı yıllarda yurtdışı kongre davetlerine katılım gösteren Osmanlı bilim insanları ve hekimlerin arşiv kayıtları incelenmiştir. Başta halk sağlığı olmak üzere, anatomi dışında birçok bilim dalında aktif katılım ve çalışma yürütülmesine rağmen anatomi alanında belirgin bir eksiklik görülmüştür. Bu, Osmanlı tıbbının modernleşme çabalarının temel olarak eğitim hedeflerini tanımlamaya odaklandığını, bahsi geçen dönemde bilimsel araştırma ve uygulamanın önemli ölçüde ihmal edildiğini göstermektedir. Aynı ekolden yetişmiş Viyana esaslı bilim insanlarının hem sayıca ve hem de deneysel çalışmalar bakımından, bu çalışmaya konu edilen Anatomi Cemiyetinin bilimsel faaliyetleri içerisinde önemli yer bulmaları, yukarıdaki düşünceleri destekler nitelikte görülmüştür.


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APA

Ortug, A., Uluışık, I.E., & Ortug, G. (2024). Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine. Studies in Ottoman Science, 25(2), 235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


AMA

Ortug A, Uluışık I E, Ortug G. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine. Studies in Ottoman Science. 2024;25(2):235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


ABNT

Ortug, A.; Uluışık, I.E.; Ortug, G. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine. Studies in Ottoman Science, [Publisher Location], v. 25, n. 2, p. 235-258, 2024.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Ortug, Alpen, and Işılsu Ezgi Uluışık and Gürsel Ortug. 2024. “Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine.” Studies in Ottoman Science 25, no. 2: 235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


Chicago: Humanities Style

Ortug, Alpen, and Işılsu Ezgi Uluışık and Gürsel Ortug. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine.” Studies in Ottoman Science 25, no. 2 (Nov. 2024): 235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


Harvard: Australian Style

Ortug, A & Uluışık, IE & Ortug, G 2024, 'Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine', Studies in Ottoman Science, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 235-258, viewed 14 Nov. 2024, https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Ortug, A. and Uluışık, I.E. and Ortug, G. (2024) ‘Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine’, Studies in Ottoman Science, 25(2), pp. 235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100 (14 Nov. 2024).


MLA

Ortug, Alpen, and Işılsu Ezgi Uluışık and Gürsel Ortug. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine.” Studies in Ottoman Science, vol. 25, no. 2, 2024, pp. 235-258. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100


Vancouver

Ortug A, Uluışık IE, Ortug G. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine. Studies in Ottoman Science [Internet]. 14 Nov. 2024 [cited 14 Nov. 2024];25(2):235-258. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100 doi: 10.26650/oba.1398100


ISNAD

Ortug, Alpen - Uluışık, IşılsuEzgi - Ortug, Gürsel. Exploring the First Decade of the Anatomische Gesellschaft: Europe’s Oldest Anatomical Society and a Comparative Perspective from Ottoman Medicine”. Studies in Ottoman Science 25/2 (Nov. 2024): 235-258. https://doi.org/10.26650/oba.1398100



TIMELINE


Submitted30.11.2023
Accepted08.01.2024
Published Online02.08.2024

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