Turkish Journal of History

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DOI :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005   IUP :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005    Full Text (PDF)

About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer)

Ebru Altan

The four major Crusader States (Outremer), founded in the East by the Latins due to the First Crusade, were called a kingdom, county or principality depending on their ruler’s title. The first ruler of the Crusader Kingdom adopted the title of princeps instead of king. Officially, from the the year 1100, rulers of the Kingdom carried the title of king. In these Latin States with a feudal structure, the nobles who were vasals of the king were designated as lord, seigneur or baron. Also, high officers in the most important administrative units of the Outremer were called seneşal, konnetabl, marşal, çemberlayn and şansölye in a hierarchical order. This paper examines the titles of sovereignty, nobility and office holder used in the Crusader States of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the Principality of Antioch, the County of Edesa and the County of Tripoli.

Keywords: Crudaser States, Outremer, title, nobility, official
DOI :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005   IUP :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005    Full Text (PDF)

Haçlı Devletlerinde (Outremer) Kullanılan Unvanlara Dair

Ebru Altan

Birinci Haçlı Seferi (1096-1099) sırasında ve sonrasında Doğu’da Latinler tarafından kurulmuş olan ve outremer şeklinde ifade edilen dört Haçlı Devleti, hükümdarın taşıdığı hâkimiyet unvanına bağlı olarak krallık, kontluk, prinkepslik gibi farklı isimlerle anılmıştı. Kudüs’ün ilk Latin hükümdarı taçlandırılmadığı için yaygın olarak prinkeps unvanını kullanmış; fakat 1100 yılından itibaren krallığın hükümdarları resmen kral sıfatını taşımışlardır. Feodal bir yapıya sahip olan bu Latin devletlerinde kralın vasalları olan iktâ sahibi asiller lord, senyör, baron gibi farklı unvanlarla tanımlanmıştır. Bu devletlerin en önemli idarî birimlerinde yer alan seneşal, konnetabl, marşal, çemberlayn ve şansölye olarak adlandırılan yüksek memurların unvanları da kendi içinde hiyerarşik bir sıraya sahip olmuştur. Bu yazıda Kudüs Krallığı, Urfa Kontluğu, Trablus Kontluğu ve Antakya Prinkespliği olarak adlandırılan Haçlı Devletlerinde kullanılmış olan hâkimiyet ile asalet ve memuriyet unvanları kaynakların verdiği bilgiler ışığında ele alınmıştır.

Keywords: Haçlı Devletleri, Outremer, unvan, asalet, memuriyet

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APA

Altan, E. (2020). About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer). Turkish Journal of History, 0(71), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


AMA

Altan E. About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer). Turkish Journal of History. 2020;0(71):67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


ABNT

Altan, E. About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer). Turkish Journal of History, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 71, p. 67-81, 2020.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Altan, Ebru,. 2020. “About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer).” Turkish Journal of History 0, no. 71: 67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


Chicago: Humanities Style

Altan, Ebru,. “About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer).” Turkish Journal of History 0, no. 71 (Mar. 2025): 67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


Harvard: Australian Style

Altan, E 2020, 'About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer)', Turkish Journal of History, vol. 0, no. 71, pp. 67-81, viewed 14 Mar. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Altan, E. (2020) ‘About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer)’, Turkish Journal of History, 0(71), pp. 67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005 (14 Mar. 2025).


MLA

Altan, Ebru,. “About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer).” Turkish Journal of History, vol. 0, no. 71, 2020, pp. 67-81. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


Vancouver

Altan E. About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer). Turkish Journal of History [Internet]. 14 Mar. 2025 [cited 14 Mar. 2025];0(71):67-81. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005 doi: 10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005


ISNAD

Altan, Ebru. “About the Titles Used in The Crusader States (Outremer)”. Turkish Journal of History 0/71 (Mar. 2025): 67-81. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.005



TIMELINE


Submitted27.05.2020
Accepted26.06.2020
Published Online28.08.2020

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