Research Article


DOI :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006   IUP :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006    Full Text (PDF)

Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert

Mustafa Daş

In the second half of the 11th century, while the Byzantine Empire was struggling with Turks for Anatolia in the east, it lost its last territory in Italy in the west and was trying to stop the Normans from advancing towards the Balkans. The Norman threat from the west prevented Byzantium from mobilizing its military forces in the Balkans entirely for Anatolia. Therefore, it so happened that the Normans played a role in favor of the Turks in the Battle of Manzikert. Gesta Roberti Wiscardi, which was written by Guillaume d’Apulie / William of Apulia, is one of the most significant Latin-Norman sources whose main theme is the existence of Normans in South Italy and especially the political control of Robert Guiscard in that region. This work, which is contemporary with the battle of Manzikert, essentially aims to increase the dignity and bravery of Robert Guiscard. Naturally this work also contains information on Byzantium and the battle of Manzikert. In our article, the Norman source, Gesta Roberti Wiscardi will be evaluated in terms of its importance and its information related to the battle of Manzikert.

DOI :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006   IUP :10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006    Full Text (PDF)

Normanlar, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” ve Malazgirt Savaşı

Mustafa Daş

Bizans İmparatorluğu, 11. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında doğuda, Anadolu için Türklerle mücadele ederken; batıda, İtalya’daki son topraklarını kaptırdığı Normanların Balkanlar’a karşı ilerleyişini durdurma çabası içerisindeydi. Batı’dan gelen Norman tehdidi Bizans’ın Balkanlardaki askerî güçlerini bütünüyle Anadolu için seferber etmesini engellemiştir. Dolayısıyla Normanların, Malazgirt Savaşı’nda Türkler lehine bir rol oynamaları söz konusu olmuştur. Güney İtalya’da Normanların varlığı ve özellikle Robert Guiscard’ın bölgede siyasî bir hâkimiyet oluşturmasını ana tema edinen en önemli Latin-Norman kaynaklarından birisi Guillaume d’Apulie / William of Apulia tarafından yazılan, epik /destansı Gesta Roberti Wiscardi’dir. Malazgirt Savaşı’yla çağdaş olan eserde Robert Guiscard’ın şahsiyeti ve kahramanlığını yüceltmek esas amaçtır. Bu eserde doğal olarak Bizans’a geniş yer verilmekte ve Malazgirt Savaşı’ndan da bahsedilmektedir. Makalemizde Gesta Roberti Wiscardi adlı Norman kaynağının Malazgirt Savaşı hakkındaki kayıtlarına yer verilerek, bu konuda değerlendirmelerde bulunulacaktır.


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APA

Daş, M. (2020). Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert. Turkish Journal of History, 0(71), 83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


AMA

Daş M. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert. Turkish Journal of History. 2020;0(71):83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


ABNT

Daş, M. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert. Turkish Journal of History, [Publisher Location], v. 0, n. 71, p. 83-90, 2020.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Daş, Mustafa,. 2020. “Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert.” Turkish Journal of History 0, no. 71: 83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


Chicago: Humanities Style

Daş, Mustafa,. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert.” Turkish Journal of History 0, no. 71 (Mar. 2025): 83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


Harvard: Australian Style

Daş, M 2020, 'Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert', Turkish Journal of History, vol. 0, no. 71, pp. 83-90, viewed 14 Mar. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Daş, M. (2020) ‘Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert’, Turkish Journal of History, 0(71), pp. 83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006 (14 Mar. 2025).


MLA

Daş, Mustafa,. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert.” Turkish Journal of History, vol. 0, no. 71, 2020, pp. 83-90. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


Vancouver

Daş M. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert. Turkish Journal of History [Internet]. 14 Mar. 2025 [cited 14 Mar. 2025];0(71):83-90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006 doi: 10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006


ISNAD

Daş, Mustafa. Normans, “Gesta Roberti Wiscardi” and the Battle of Manzikert”. Turkish Journal of History 0/71 (Mar. 2025): 83-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/TurkJHist.2020.006



TIMELINE


Submitted01.07.2020
Accepted11.07.2020
Published Online28.08.2020

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