Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuğun İzlemi̇ ve Toplumda Bakımı

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BÖLÜM


DOI :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.038   IUP :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.038    Tam Metin (PDF)

Fi̇zi̇ksel Tıp Ve Rehabi̇li̇tasyon Bakış Açısıyla Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuğa Yaklaşım

Merve Damla Korkmaz, Nalan Çapan, Ayşe Resa Aydın

Değişen yaşam koşulları sebebiyle kronik hastalıkların görülme yaşı çocukluk çağına kadar inmiş ve özellikle kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, obezite, diyabet, kanser gibi hastalıklarda risk faktörü olarak fiziksel aktivite azlığı gösterilmiştir. Kronik hastalıklar çocukların fiziksel, bilişsel, duygusal, sosyal ve davranışsal gelişimlerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hasta birey ve ailesine özel erken dönemlerinden itibaren uygulanacak olan rehabilitasyon programları çocukların tüm gelişim basamaklarını olumlu olarak etkileyecektir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre çocukların günde en az 60 dakika fiziksel aktivite yapması önerilmektedir. Fiziksel hareketsizlik, insan sağlığını olumsuz etkilediği için bireysel ve toplumsal sağlık giderlerini de arttırmaktadır. Kronik hastalıkların oluşmasında genetik, çevresel ve biyolojik risklerin dışında en önemli faktörler hareketsizlik ve beslenmedir. Kronik hastalık ve engellilik sonucu oluşan fiziksel aktivite azlığı çocukların dayanıklılıklarını azaltarak hastalıklarının ilerlemesine neden olmaktadır. Çocuklara yönelik egzersiz programları planlarken aile katılımının sağlanması, uygulanacak programının eğlenceli ve sürdürülebilir olmasına dikkat edilmesi gerekir. Ekran sürelerinin azaltılması, aile ve arkadaşları ile yapılacak fiziksel aktivite sürelerinin arttırılması hareketli bir yaşam şekli oluşturulmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Fiziksel aktivite, hastalıkların önlenmesinin yanı sıra çocuklarda kronik hastalıkların tedavisinin bir parçasıdır, yaşam kalitesinin arttırılması ve günlük yaşama katılımın sağlanması için büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu bölümde, çocukluk çağında sık görülen kronik göğüs hastalıkları, onkolojik hastalıklar ve nöromüsküler hastalıklarda Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon branşının yeri üzerinde durulmaktadır.


Anahtar Kelimeler: Astım, egzersiz, hastalık, onkolojik, serebral palsi
DOI :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.038   IUP :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.038    Tam Metin (PDF)

Approach to the Child with a Chronic Disease from Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Perspective

Merve Damla Korkmaz, Nalan Çapan, Ayşe Resa Aydın

Due to changing living conditions, the age of occurrence of chronic diseases has decreased to childhood, and the lack of physical activity has been shown as a risk factor especially in cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Chronic diseases negatively affect the physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and behavioral development of children. Rehabilitation programs are applied to the patient and his/her family at an early stage and will positively affect all developmental stages. The World Health Organization recommended that children do at least 60 minutes of physical activity a day. Since physical inactivity negatively affects human health, individual, and social health expenses increase. Apart from genetic, environmental and biological risks, inactivity, and nutrition are the most important factors in the development of chronic diseases. The lack of physical activity resulting from chronic disease and disability reduces the endurance of children, leading to disease progression. When planning exercise programs for children with chronic diease, it is necessary to ensure family participation and its fun and sustainable implementation. Reducing screen time and adding physical activities with family and friends contribute to creating an active lifestyle. Physical activity is a part of the treatment of chronic diseases in children to not only prevent disease progression but also to increase the quality of life and ensure participation in daily life. In this section, the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation in chronic chest diseases, oncological diseases, and neuromuscular diseases common in childhood is emphasized.


Anahtar Kelimeler: Asthma, cerebral palsy, disease, exercise, oncological

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