Kroni̇k Hastalığı Olan Çocuğun İzlemi̇ ve Toplumda Bakımı

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DOI :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.032   IUP :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.032    Tam Metin (PDF)

Ti̇p 2 Di̇abetes Melli̇tus Olan Çocuğun İzlemi̇ ve Toplumda Bakımı

Esin Karakılıç Özturan, Şükran Poyrazoğlu

Tip 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), insülin direncine bağlı olarak, artan insülin sekresyonu ihtiyacına yetersiz kalındığında ortaya çıkan göreceli bir insülin eksikliği ve hiperglisemi tablosudur. Çocukluk ve ergenlik çağında insidansı son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. Bu nedenle obezitesi olan çocuk ve ergenlerde bir veya daha fazla risk faktörü (ailesinde birinci veya ikinci derece akrabasında tip 2 diabetes mellitus öyküsü olanlar, annesinde gestasyonel diyabet (GDM) öyküsü bulunanlar veya fizik muayenede insülin direnci belirtileri gösterenler, insülin direnci ile ilişkili olan ve tip 2 DM prevalansının yüksek olduğu etnik kökenden olmak gibi) bulunması durumunda 10 yaş veya ergenliğin başlangıcından itibaren (erken ergenlik mevcutsa) Tip 2 diabetes mellitus taraması önerilmektedir Diyabete bağlı metabolik anormalliklere uzun süreli maruziyet, mikro ve makrovasküler komplikasyonlara yol açmaktadır. Sağlıklı beslenme ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite; obezite ve Tip 2 diabetes mellitusü olan çocuk ve ergenlerde kan şekeri kontrolünde iyileşmeyi ve kilo vermeyi desteklemektedir. Sağlıklı yaşam önerilerinin tüm aile bireylerini kapsaması, okul döneminde ailelerin çocukları desteklemesi ve koruyucu programlar için ilgili kuruluşlarla iletişimin teşvik edilmesi hedeflenmelidir. Ek olarak ekran sürelerinin kısaltılması uyku hijyenini artırır ve kilo vermede yardımcı olur. Çocuklar ve aileler acil durumlar, komorbiditeler ve tedavi izlemleri ve gelişebilecek yan etkiler hakkında doğru bilgilendirilmeli, sorunların doğru tanımlanıp çözülerek, soruların ise cevaplanarak tedaviye uyumun artırılması amaçlanmalıdır. 


Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 2 diabetes mellitus, çocukluk çağı, sağlıklı beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, diyabet izlemi
DOI :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.032   IUP :10.26650/B/CH32.2024.010.032    Tam Metin (PDF)

Follow-up and Community Care of the Child with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Esin Karakılıç Özturan, Şükran Poyrazoğlu

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by the inadequacy to meet the increased requirement of insulin secretion due to insulin resistance, resulting in a relative insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. Incidences of type 2 DM in childhood and adolescence periods has been gradually increasing in recent years. Therefore, type 2 DM screening is recommended in children and adolescents with obesity, who have one or more risk factors for diabetes (e.g., who have a family history of type 2 DM in a first- or second-degree relative, a mother with a history of gestational DM, or signs of the insulin resistance on physical examination or other condition related with insulin resistance, and are from an ethnic background with a high prevalence of type 2 DM) after the onset of puberty or 10 years of age (whichever is earlier). Prolonged exposure to diabetes-related metabolic abnormalities leads to more aggressive micro- and macro-vascular complications in the long term. Healthy nutrition and regular physical activities support the improvement in blood sugar control and weight loss in children and adolescents with obesity and type 2 DM. Healthy lifestyle changes should aim to affect all family members, and parents should be encouraged to support children during the school period for healthy behaviors and to contact relevant authorities for obesity prevention programs in schools. Additionally, limiting screen time improves sleep hygiene and helps weight loss. Patients and their families should be properly informed about emergencies, comorbidities, treatment followups, and possible side effects. Follow-ups should be aimed to increase treatment adherence by correctly defining and solving the problems, and answering questions.


Anahtar Kelimeler: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, childhood, healthy nutrition, physical activity, diabetes follow-up

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