Pursuing Sustainable Development Goals

EnglishTürkçe

BÖLÜM


DOI :10.26650/B/SS10.2024.013.022   IUP :10.26650/B/SS10.2024.013.022    Tam Metin (PDF)

Towards a Sustainable Blue Economy in Türki̇ye: An Overview of Key Sectors and SDG 14 Targets

Gülşah Şentürk Kocakaya

The Blue Economy is an approach that promotes the sustainable management and utilization of marine and ocean resources. Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 14 includes many targets that can be summarised as “Sustainable Use of Marine and Ocean Resources”. In this study, the general framework of the Blue Economy is drawn, and the steps taken by Türkiye to realize this goal are examined. Considering its long coastline, rich marine biodiversity and maritime potential, SDG 14 is important for Türkiye. Marine tourism, fisheries and aquaculture, and maritime transport sectors are the leading areas of the Blue Economy in Türkiye. In addition to the significant economic benefits to be realized in these sectors, Türkiye’s Blue Economy strategy also faces challenges in protecting the marine environment and ensuring sustainability. These challenges include marine pollution, overfishing, technological gaps, and diplomatic and legal barriers. Moreover, given the targets and indicators of SDG 14, Türkiye needs to strengthen its policies and efforts, particularly in protecting marine and ocean resources, promoting sustainable fisheries, conserving marine biodiversity, and investing in marine technologies.


Anahtar Kelimeler: Blue Economy, Sustainable Fishing, Marina Biodiversity, Marine Pollution, Blue Tourism, Maritime Transport

Referanslar

  • Akkutay, B. L. (2011). 1982 Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi Çerçevesinde Çekinceler ve İhtiyari İstisnalar, Public and Private International Law Bulletin, 31(1), 1-27. google scholar
  • Altuğ, G., Çardak, M., Türetken, P. S. Ç., Gürün, S., Kalkan, S. (2020). Deniz Ekosisteminde Bakteriyel Roller; Türkiye Denizleri Örneği, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/10.28979/comufbed.633759 google scholar
  • Barquet, K., Sjöberg, M., Vieira Passos, M., Gunnas, A., Piseddu, T., Leander, E. (2023). Towards a Sustai-nable Blue Economy in Sweden. SEI Report. Stockholm Environment Institute. https://doi.org/10.51414/ sei2023.014 google scholar
  • Choudhary, P., Subhasg, V., Khade, M., Savant, S., Musale, A., Kumar, R. K., Chelliah, M. S., Dasgupta, S. (2021). Empowering blue economy: From underrated ecosystem to sustainable industry, Journal of Envi-ronmental Management, 291, 112697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112697 google scholar
  • ÇŞİDB, TUBİTAK-MAM (2021a). “Denizlerde Bütünleşik Kirlilik İzleme Programı 2014- 2019 Akdeniz Özet Raporu”, Kocaeli: TÜBİTAK-MAM Matbaası. google scholar
  • ÇŞİDB, TUBİTAK-MAM (2021b). “Denizlerde Bütünleşik Kirlilik İzleme Programı 2014-2019 Ege Denizi Özet Raporu”, Kocaeli: TÜBİTAK-MAM Matbaası. google scholar
  • ÇŞİDB, TUBİTAK-MAM (2021c). “Denizlerde Bütünleşik Kirlilik İzleme Programı 2014-2019 Karadeniz Özet Raporu”, Kocaeli: TÜBİTAK-MAM Matbaası. google scholar
  • ÇŞİDB, TUBİTAK-MAM (2021d). “Denizlerde Bütünleşik Kirlilik İzleme Programı 2014- 2019 Marmara Denizi Özet Raporu”, Kocaeli: TÜBİTAK-MAM Matbaası. google scholar
  • Develi, E. İ. (2021). Lojistik türlerinden denizyolu taşımacılığı ve Türkiye pazarı özelinde bir durum (GZFT) analizi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(42), 1640-1661. https://doi.org/10.46928/ iticusbe.987065 google scholar
  • DGM (2023). Maritime Transport Statistics google scholar
  • Fang, X., Zou, J., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H. (2021). Evaluation of the sustainable development of an island “Blue Economy”: A case study of Hainan, China, Sustainable Cities and Society, 66, 102662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102662 google scholar
  • FAO (2018). Statistics on the Sustainability of Fish Stocks. google scholar
  • FAO (2019). Statistics on the Sustainability of Fish Stocks. google scholar
  • FAO (2022). SDG Indicators. google scholar
  • FAO (2022). Small-scale Fisheries Report. google scholar
  • FAO (2022). Statistics on Combating Illegal Fishing. google scholar
  • Ferreira J, Andersen J, Borja A, Bricker S, Camp J, Cardoso Da Silva M, Garces E, Heiskanen A, Humborg C, Ig-natiades L, Lancelot C, Menesguen A, Tett P, Hoepffner N, Claussen U. (2010). Marine Strategy Framework Directive - Task Group 5 Report Eutrophication, European Union and ICES, https://doi.org/10.2788/86830 google scholar
  • Gülseven, O. (2020). Measuring achievements towards SDG 14, life below water, in the United Arab Emirates, Marine Policy, 117, 103972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103972 google scholar
  • Güneş, Ş. A. (2007). Birleşmiş Milletler Deniz Hukuku Sözleşmesi ve Deniz Çevresinin Korunması, Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 56(2), 1-37. https://doi.org/10.1501/Hukfak_0000000327 google scholar
  • Hussain G. M., Failler, P., Karim, A. A., Alam, M. K. (2018). Major opportunities of blue economy development in Bangladesh, Journal of the Indian Ocean Region, 14(1), 88-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.201 7.1368250 google scholar
  • IMEAK-DTÖ (2022). Denizcilik Sektör Raporu: 2022. google scholar
  • IOC-UNESCO (2020). Ocean Science and Research Funds. google scholar
  • Keen, M. R., Schwarz, A. M., Wini-Simeon, L. (2018). Towards defining the Blue Economy: Practical lessons from Pacific Ocean governance, Marine Policy, 88, 333-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.03.002 google scholar
  • Kozan, Y., Kozan, G. Y., Özdemir, S., Özdemir, S. S., Günlü, E. (2014). Turizm Yazınında Deniz Turizminin Olgusal Gelişimi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 6, 115-129. https://doi.org/10.18613/ deudfd.11350 google scholar
  • Köseoğlu, B., Töz, A. C., Şakar, C. (2016). Deniz Atiklarinin Değerlendirilmesi Ve Geri Dönüşümü: İstaç Örneği, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 8, 153-177. https://doi.org/10.18613/deudfd.7781 google scholar
  • Kwiatkowski, J. M., Zaucha, J. (2023). Measuring the blue economy in the EU: The Polish experience, Frontiers in Marine Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1129075 google scholar
  • Meijer, L. J. J., van Emmerik, T., van der Ent, R., Schmidt, C., Lebreton, L. (2021). More than 1000 rivers account for 80% of global riverine plastic emissions into the ocean. Science Advances 7(18), 1-13. https:// doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz5803 google scholar
  • Patil, P. G., Virdin, J., Diez, S. M., Roberts, J., Singh, A. (2016). Toward a Blue Economy: A Promise for Sus-tainable Growth in the Caribbean, World Bank Group Report, No. AUS16344. google scholar
  • Rustomjee, C. (2016). Developing the Blue Economy in Caribbean and Other Small States, CIGI: Policy Brief, 75, 1-8. google scholar
  • Sağlam, M., Uyar, T. S. (2005). Dalga Enerjisi ve Türkiye nin Dalga Enerjisi Teknik Potansiyeli, YEKSEM 2005 III. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları Sempozyumu. google scholar
  • Scharin, H., Ericsdotter, S., Elliott, M., Turner, R. K., Niiranen, S., Blenckner, T., Hyytiainen, K., Ahlvik, L., Ahtiainen, H., Artell, J., Hasselström, L., Söderqvist, T., Rockström, J. (2016). Processes for the sustai-nable stewardship of marine environments, Ecological Economics, 128, 55-67. https://doi.org/10.1016Zj. ecolecon.2016.04.010 google scholar
  • Scott, K. N. (2018). Ocean Acidification and Sustainable Development Goal 14: A Goal but No Target? In “The Marine Environment and United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14”, Leiden, Netherlands: Brill-Nijhoff. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004366619_022 google scholar
  • Silver, J. J., Gray, N. J., Campbell, L. M., Fairbanks, L. W., Gruby, R. L. (2015). Blue Economy and Compe-ting Discourses in International Oceans Governance, The Journal of Environment & Development, 24(2), 135-160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496515580797 google scholar
  • Toplu Yılmaz, Ö. (2021). Türkiye’de sürdürülebilir mavi ekonomi için balıkçılık desteklerinin değerlendirilmesi, Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(3), 906-923. https://doi. org/10.25287/ohuiibf.788879 google scholar
  • Tsiouvalas, A., Stoeva, G., Raspotnik, A. (2022). ooking for Common Ground: Marine Living Resource De-velopment in Alaska and Northern Norway in the Context of the Blue Economy. Sustainability, 14, 4115. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074115 google scholar
  • TurkStat (2022). Fishery Statistics. google scholar
  • TurkStat (2022). Protected Marine Areas Statistics. google scholar
  • TurkStat (2023). Departing Visitors Survey. google scholar
  • TurkStat (2023). Foreign Trade Statistics. google scholar
  • TurkStat (2022). Maritime Statistics. google scholar
  • UNDP (2016). UNDP Support to the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 14: Ocean Governance. New York: United Nations Development Programme. google scholar
  • UNEP (2021). Annual Report 2021. google scholar
  • UTIKAD (2022). Lojistik Sektör Raporu: 2022. google scholar
  • Voyer, M., Quirk, G., McIlgorm, A., Azmi, K. (2018). Shades of blue: what do competing interpretations of the Blue Economy mean for oceans governance? Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 20(5), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2018.1473153 google scholar
  • Winther, J., Dai, M., Rist, T., Hoel, A., Li, Y., Trice, A. et al. (2020). Integrated Ocean Management for a Sus-tainable Ocean Economy, Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4(11), 1451-1458. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1259-6 google scholar
  • World Bank & UN-DESA (2017). The Potential of the Blue Economy: Increasing Long-term Benefits of the Sustainable Use of Marine Resources for Small Island Developing States and Coastal Least Developed Countries. Washington DC: World Bank. google scholar
  • World Bank (2016). Blue Economy Development Framework: Growing the Blue Economy to Combat Poverty and Accelerate Prosperity, Oceans 2030: Financing the Blue Economy for Sustainable Development. google scholar


PAYLAŞ




İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.