Journal of Transportation and Logistics

JTL

GÖNDERBİLGİ
EnglishTürkçe

Araştırma Makalesi


DOI :10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02   IUP :10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02    Tam Metin (PDF)

Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi

Cengiz Bahadır Karahan, Levent Kırval, Çağrı Çınar

Türkiye sahip olduğu mevcut filosu, coğrafi konumu, genç nüfusu ve büyüme potansiyeli ile önemli bir denizcilik ülkesidir. Bu çalışma kümelenme yaklaşımını kullanarak Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün ana özelliklerini ölçmeyi ve haritalandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Küresel rekabet gücünün geliştirilmesinde önemli bir kavram olan kümelenme deniz taşımacılığı sektöründe de yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün özellikle sayısal yöntemler kullanılarak kümelenme analizinin yapılması küresel rekabet gücüne kavuşulmasında önemli bir basamaktır. Bu kapsamda Türk deniz taşımacılığı sektörünün kümelenme seviyesi Coğrafi Yoğunluk Katsayısı (Location Quotient (LQ)) kullanılarak ölçülmüştür. Toplam 6 istatistiki bölge dikkate alınarak yapılan incelemede TR 10 İstanbul bölgesinin tüm değişkenler açısından güçlü kümelenme özellikleri gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kümelenmeler, Deniz-Taşımacılığı-Sektörü, Coğrafi-Yoğunluk-Katsayısı, Küresel-Rekabet-Gücü, Denizcilik Kümelenmeleri
DOI :10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02   IUP :10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02    Tam Metin (PDF)

Clustering Analysis of Turkish Maritime Transportation Sector

Cengiz Bahadır Karahan, Levent Kırval, Çağrı Çınar

Turkey is a maritime country with its current fleet, geographical location, young population and growth potential. This study aims to measure and map the main characteristics of Turkish maritime transportation sector by using the cluster approach. Clustering, being one of the important improvement methods of global competition power, is widely used in the maritime transportation sector. Analysing the maritime clustering potential in a quantative way is a basic step to increase the global competitiveness in this sector. In this context, the level of Turkish maritime transportation cluster is measured by means of Location Quotient (LQ) in this article. It concludes that among the 6 statistically grouped counties, TR 10 Istanbul county is showing significant potential according to all variables.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Clusters, Maritime-Clusters, Maritime-Transportation-Sector, Location-Quotient, Competitiveness

GENİŞLETİLMİŞ ÖZET


Research Problem: Clustering, being one of the important improvement methods of global competition power, is widely used in the maritime transportation sector. It is vital for Turkey to be a global actor in this sector. To achive this goal cluster concept could be established and developed in national and regional dimensions having both subsectoral and integrated aspects. This study aims to measure and map the main characteristics of Turkish maritime transportation sector by using the cluster approach.


Research Question: The research question is which statistical regions of Turkey have clustering potential in maritime transportation sector in terms of Location Quotient (LQ).


Methodology: Analysing the maritime clustering potential in a quantative way is a basic step to increase the global competitiveness in this sector. In this context, the clustering level of Turkish maritime transportation sector is measured by means of Location Quotient (LQ) in this article. LQ method is used to analyse and compare the sectoral agglomeration and clustering of different geographic locations such as regions and cities. Maritime transportation sector is classified with NACE 50 code according to Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE). Turkish maritime transportation sector has been analysed by using “Some Basic Indicators by Local Units” data which has been published by Turkish Statistical Institute (Turkstat). The data between 2009-2015 (the means of 7 year-period are used) contains number of local units, number of persons employed, wages-salaries, turnovers and gross investment in tangible goods. The regions which have been analysed according to the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) were screened in terms of their LQ levels and whether they had a coastline or not.


Results and Conclusions: This study concludes that among the 6 statistically grouped counties, TR 10 Istanbul county is showing significant potential according to all variables. It has a well-developed maritime transportation cluster in terms of various parameters such as number of persons employed, number of local units, turnovers, wages-salaries and gross investment in tangible goods. This county is evaluated as a good candidate for competing with its rivals throughout the globe. Also TR 32 Aydin-Denizli-Mugla, TR 22 Balikesir-Canakkale and TR 31 Izmir statistical counties are well-developed clusters in terms of number of persons employed and number of local units. TR 61 Antalya-Burdur and TR 62 Adana-Mersin statistical counties have potential to become maritime transportation clusters in the future although they are below the threshold at present. In this study in order to support and/or interrogate LQ values based on employment; turnovers, wages-salaries and gross investments in tangible goods data has been used in an experimental manner. In this scope, it has been found that some LQ values based on employment and establishments would give deceptive results and hide the weaknesses of the clusters because of the high number of small and medium size entreprises in the region. In such cases the variables such as turnovers, wages-salaries and gross investments in tangible goods which highly represent economic condition and added value creation would work better than number of persons employed and number of local units variables..


PDF Görünüm

Referanslar

  • Akıncılar Tan, T. (2011). Askeri ve sivil teknolojinin birleşimi amaçlı küme modeli - Askeri gemi yapımı örneği. Doktora Tezi, Kara Harp Okulu, Ankara. google scholar
  • Alüftekin, N., Yüksel, Ö., Taş, A., Çakar, G. ve Bayraktar, F. (2009). Küresel krizden çıkışta kümelenme modeli: Tekstil ve hazır giyim sektörü örneği. ZKÜ Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5 (10), 1-19. google scholar
  • Aziz, K.A. ve Norhashim, M. (2008). Cluster-based policy making: Assessing performance and sustaining competitiveness. Review of Policy Research, 25 (4), 349-375. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-1338.2008.00336.x. google scholar
  • Brett, V. (2007). The potential for clustering of the maritime transport sector in the Greater Dublin Region. PhD diss., National College of Ireland, Dublin. google scholar
  • Bulu, M., Eraslan, İ. H. ve Kaya, H. (2006). Türk elektronik sektörünün rekabetçilik analizi. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(9), 49-66. google scholar
  • Deniz Ticaret Odası. (2017). 2016 Deniz Sektörü Raporu, İstanbul. google scholar
  • De Langen, P.W. (2002). Clustering and performance: the case of maritime clustering in the Netherlands. Maritime Policy and Management, 29 (3), 209-221. doi:10.1080/0308883021013260 5. google scholar
  • Delgado, M., Porter, M. E. ve Stern, S. (2010). Clusters and entrepreneurship. Journal of Economic Geography, 10 (4), 495-518. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbq010. google scholar
  • Delgado, M., Porter, M. E. ve Stern, S. (2014). Clusters, convergence, and economic performance. Research Policy, 43, 1785-1799. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2014.05.007. google scholar
  • Deval, O. ve Saman, M. (2005). Maritime cluster of Istanbul. MSc diss., City College, London. google scholar
  • Enright, M.J. (2003). Regional clusters: What we know and what we should know, In Innovation Clusters and Interregional Competition, edited by J. Bröcker et al., 99-129. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. google scholar
  • Gebeş, F. ve Battal, Ü. (2014). Türkiye’de havacılık kümelenmeleri ve finansman sorunları. Niğde Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7 (1), 273-288. google scholar
  • Gürbüz, C. (2008). An integrated approach to the interconnected maritime services of Turkey. MSc diss., World Maritime University, Malmo. google scholar
  • Karahan, A. (2014). Kamu işletmelerinin rekabet gücü̈ analizi ve ulaştırma sektörü̈ örneği. Maliye Finans Yazıları, 28 (102), 25-44. google scholar
  • Ketels, C.H.M. ve Memedovic, O. (2008). From clusters to cluster-based economic development. Int. J. Technological Learning, Innovation and Development, 1(3), 375-392. doi:10.1504/IJTLID.2008.019979. google scholar
  • Ketels, C. ve Protsiv, S. (2013). Clusters and the new growth path for Europe - Research paper on the role of clusters for the new growth path. Working Paper no14.fileadmin/documents/pdf/Workingpapers/WWWforEurope_WPS_no014_MS47.pdf. google scholar
  • Kocaoğlu, İ.U. (2013). Firma rekabet gücünü̈ artıran faktörler ve kümelenme yaklaşımı: Türkiye doğal taş kümelenmelerinin rekabet gücü̈ açısından incelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir. google scholar
  • Krugman, P. (1991). Increasing returns and economic geography. The Journal of Political Economy, 99(3), 483-499. doi:10.1086/261763. google scholar
  • Kumar, I., Zhalnin, A., Kim, A. ve Beaulieu, L. J. (2016). Transportation and logistics cluster competitive advantages in the U.S. regions: A cross- sectional and spatio-temporal analysis. Research in Transportation Economics, (2016), 1-12. doi:10.1016/j.retrec.2016.07.028. google scholar
  • Lazzeretti, L., Boix, R. ve Capone, F. (2009). Why do creative industries cluster? An analysis of the determinants of clustering of creative industries. IERMB Working Paper in Economics, 9 (2). google scholar
  • Lundequist, P. ve Power, D. (2002). Putting Porter into practice? Practices of regional cluster building: Evidence from Sweden. European Planning Studies, 10 (6), 685-704. doi:10.1080/0965431022000003762. google scholar
  • Mutlucan, N. C. (2015). Competitive Advantage and clusters: Evidence from textile, wearing apparel, carpet, automotive, tourism and furniture clusters in Turkey. PhD diss., Boğaziçi University, Istanbul. google scholar
  • Nezerenko, O. ve Koppel, O. (2015). Formal and informal macro-regional transport clusters as a primary step in the design and implementation of cluster-based strategies. Transport and Telecommunication, 16 (3), 207-216. doi:10.1515/ttj-2015-0019. google scholar
  • Othman, M. R., Bruce, J. G. ve Abdul Hamid, S. (2011). The strength of Malaysian maritime cluster: The development of maritime policy. Ocean & Coastal Management, 54, 557 – 568. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.02.0 04. google scholar
  • Öz, Ö. (2004). Clusters and Competitive Advantage. Dordrecht: Springer. google scholar
  • Porter, M.E. (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York, NY: Free Press, MacMillan. google scholar
  • Porter, M.E. (1998). The Adam Smith address: Location, clusters, and the new microeconomics of competition. Business Economics, 98 (1), 7-13. google scholar
  • Porter, M.E. (2000). Location, competition, and economic development: Local clusters in a global economy. Economic Development Quarterly, 14 (1), 15-35. doi:10.1177/089124240001400105. google scholar
  • Reve, T. ve Sasson, A. (2015). Theoretical and methodological advances in cluster research. Competitiveness Review, 25 (5), 524-539. doi:10.1108/CR-06-2015-0062. google scholar
  • Rivera, L. (2014). Logistics clusters: Prevalence and impact. PhD diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston. google scholar
  • Rivera, L., Sheffi, Y. ve Welsch, R. (2014). Logistics agglomeration in the US. Transportation Research Part A, 59, 222-238. doi: 10.1016/j.tra.2013.11.009. google scholar
  • Rocha, H. O. ve Sternberg, R. (2005). Entrepreneurship: The role of clusters theoretical perspectives and empirical evidence from Germany. Small Business Economics, 24, 267-292. doi:10.1007/s11187-005-1993-9. google scholar
  • Rosenfeld, S. A. (2003). Expanding opportunities: Cluster strategies that reach more people and more places. European Planning Studies, 11 (4), 359-377. doi: 10.1080/09654310303643. google scholar
  • Sartaş, M. (2010). Analysis of the growth dynamics in Turkish commercial shipbuilding sector and its prospects. MSc diss., Middle East Technical University, Ankara. google scholar
  • Saxenian, A.L. (1996). Inside-Out: Regional networks and industrial adaptation in google scholar
  • Silicon Valley and Route 128. Cityscape: A Journal of Policy google scholar
  • Development and Research, 2 (2), 41-60. google scholar
  • Van den Berg, H. ve Lewer, J. J. (2007). International Trade and Economic google scholar
  • Growth. New York, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc. google scholar
  • Viederyte, R. (2014a). Lithuanian maritime sector’s economic impact to the whole Lithuanian economy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 892-896. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.512. google scholar
  • Viederyte, R. (2014b). Lithuanian maritime sector’s clustering economic impact evaluation. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 156, 292-297. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.191. google scholar
  • Vom Hofe, R. ve Chen, K. (2006). Whither or not industrial cluster: conclusions or confusions?. The Industrial Geographer, 4 (1), 2-28. geographer.lib.indstate.edu/ vom%20Hofe.pdf. google scholar
  • Wolfe, D. A. ve Gertler, M. S. (2004). Clusters from the inside and out: Local dynamics and global linkages. Urban Studies, 41 (5/6), 1071-1093. doi:10.1080/00420980410001675832 google scholar
  • Wijnost, N. (2006). Dynamic European Maritime Clusters. Amsterdam, NL: IOS Press BV. google scholar

Atıflar

Biçimlendirilmiş bir atıfı kopyalayıp yapıştırın veya seçtiğiniz biçimde dışa aktarmak için seçeneklerden birini kullanın


DIŞA AKTAR



APA

Karahan, C.B., Kırval, L., & Çınar, Ç. (2018). Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 3(2), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


AMA

Karahan C B, Kırval L, Çınar Ç. Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics. 2018;3(2):63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


ABNT

Karahan, C.B.; Kırval, L.; Çınar, Ç. Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, [Publisher Location], v. 3, n. 2, p. 63-80, 2018.


Chicago: Author-Date Style

Karahan, Cengiz Bahadır, and Levent Kırval and Çağrı Çınar. 2018. “Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi.” Journal of Transportation and Logistics 3, no. 2: 63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


Chicago: Humanities Style

Karahan, Cengiz Bahadır, and Levent Kırval and Çağrı Çınar. “Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi.” Journal of Transportation and Logistics 3, no. 2 (May. 2025): 63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


Harvard: Australian Style

Karahan, CB & Kırval, L & Çınar, Ç 2018, 'Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi', Journal of Transportation and Logistics, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 63-80, viewed 11 May. 2025, https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


Harvard: Author-Date Style

Karahan, C.B. and Kırval, L. and Çınar, Ç. (2018) ‘Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi’, Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 3(2), pp. 63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02 (11 May. 2025).


MLA

Karahan, Cengiz Bahadır, and Levent Kırval and Çağrı Çınar. “Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi.” Journal of Transportation and Logistics, vol. 3, no. 2, 2018, pp. 63-80. [Database Container], https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


Vancouver

Karahan CB, Kırval L, Çınar Ç. Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi. Journal of Transportation and Logistics [Internet]. 11 May. 2025 [cited 11 May. 2025];3(2):63-80. Available from: https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02 doi: 10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02


ISNAD

Karahan, CengizBahadır - Kırval, Levent - Çınar, Çağrı. “Türk Deniz Taşımacılığı Sektörünün Kümelenme Analizi”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 3/2 (May. 2025): 63-80. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2018.03.02.02



ZAMAN ÇİZELGESİ


Gönderim10.02.2018
Kabul12.09.2018

LİSANS


Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.


PAYLAŞ



İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, uluslararası yayıncılık standartları ve etiğine uygun olarak, yüksek kalitede bilimsel dergi ve kitapların yayınlanmasıyla giderek artan bilimsel bilginin yayılmasına katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları açık erişimli, ticari olmayan, bilimsel yayıncılığı takip etmektedir.