İshak

Prof.

In the 17th century “ephemera” first became subject to collecting activities, with lay collectors and then museum curators, librarians, and archivists becoming interested. After the 1960s, ephemera were evaluated as a new source for history research (cultural, social, local, and city history). After the 1970s, associations were established to collect ephemera, and popular research areas influenced later developments. Simultaneously, archivists made new decisions in this direction. Until this point, the historical documentation strategy for keeping “important” resources for macro history surveys was overtaken, and archivists then extended the strategy of documenting only effective ones’ history. Now, keeping documents related to ineffective micro-history studies in archives and investigating them through these new sources have become more possible. Thus, transfer to the future of “important” resources that effectively enlighten history continued, but “unimportant” resources that ineffectively illuminate history have also begun to be transmitted. Indeed, archivists proactively gather ephemera because such documents can usually be collected not only through donations and purchases but also through field research. Archivists are also aware that they collect and value ephemera because of such documents’ individual and/or peculiar characteristics.Furthermore, archivists recognize ephemera by certain features through which they qualify documents for access while keeping ephemera separate from naturally accumulating archival documents. Consequently, archivists do not see ephemera among institutional/personal archival records or records produced from actions/transactions. Ephemera’s features can be formulated as follow:&nbsp;1. Being produced by short-term organizations. 2. Being produced for a short-term purpose. 3. Not being produced to be saved. 4. Being irregular and without continuity. 5. Being produced in different formats. 6. Not requiring an institutional action. 7. Being produced by official and unofficial institutions. 8. Not having a/any archival bond. 9. Having its archival bond removed afterwards. 10. Not being a part of a whole / not providing a basis for an operation / not being a part of a file because of an operation. 11. Break of the institutional bond. 12. Not being involved in the wholeness of the fonds.13. Not having a thematic context. 14. Having a resource value. 15. Having a symbolic value. 16. Having a relative resource value. 17. Changeability of utility. 18. Having disconnected parts. 19. Changeability of classification methods. 20. Not being produced by a structure that is organically connected to the archive where it is kept / Not being a natural handover material of the archive where it is kept. 21. Being nondurable.Having some or all of these features is usually a minimum requirement for archivists to identify documents as ephemera. Based on the literature’s definitions of ephemera documents and species, this study discusses questions of ephemera’s properties, source value, and, especially, methods of archivists’ evaluations. The study used a qualitative research method and, for data analysis, a document analysis technique.

Ephemera from an Archivist’s Perspective

Niyazi

Different studies show that electronic records management system (ERMS) applications in institutions contain potential risks as well as opportunities. One such risk is regarding the long-term sustainability of e-records. There is a need for a road map where these and similar possible threats can be eliminated, followed by correct predictions and solutions. To achieve this, organizations should create strategies to ensure electronic sustainability after recognizing potential risks and opportunities. Ensuring the electronic continuity of e-records that need to be stored for a long-term access without breaking the escrow/ownership chain, and without destroying their integrity and reliability, can be possible by making short- and long-term plans.Different studies show that electronic records management system (ERMS) applications in institutions contain potential risks as well as opportunities. One such risk is regarding the long-term sustainability of e-records. There is a need for a road map where these and similar possible threats can be eliminated, followed by correct predictions and solutions. To achieve this, organizations should create strategies to ensure electronic sustainability after recognizing potential risks and opportunities. Ensuring the electronic continuity of e-records that need to be stored for a long-term access without breaking the escrow/ownership chain, and without destroying their integrity and reliability, can be possible by making short- and long-term plans.The increasing everyday use of information technology products in realizing the business processes of institutions creates problems related to the production, use, preservation, and long-term accessibility of e-records. For example, although these e-records, which are an output of ERMSs in institutions, are evident in the market in terms of form, format, and carrier media, it is not known what kind of technical solutions they will require in the long-term. At the same time, necessities in technological migration are not taken under much consideration. There are general explanations about the subject in the field of informatics. However, specific requirements regarding the long-term preservation of digital records under the conditions in Turkey need further understanding. For example, the interoperability principles issued by the Ministry of Development State that e-records should be in PDF/A format, especially for longterm storage. However, for archived e-records, it is essential to protect their authenticity and integrity. Therefore, determining the format alone does not constitute a solution for possible problems. Broader criteria should be explained, and these should guide the development of strategies.Although different countries set their own standards to overcome the abovementioned difficulties, conditions vary among countries. Therefore, translating the procedures of other nations into Turkish and putting them into use does not seem like a solution-oriented approach. System infrastructures, document formats, and technological needs developed according to the conditions of Turkey should be taken into consideration. The solutions disclosed for the current use of the records are not sufficient for the period in which they were archived. In other words, standards that aim to change management for the success of ERMS applications can be a guide for e-records in the current period. However, such procedures are not sufficient to answer questions on how to preserve the originality of the older archived e-records. Theoretical and academic research is being undertaken to study the long-term threats faced by Turkey. However, no roadmap has been drawn to eliminate this threat. National strategies are needed to ensure that the authenticity and integrity of archived e-records is maintained over a long period without deterioration.Institutions should address the technological migration issue of their original and authentic e-documents as soon as possible. Thus, a road map is needed to be drawn to ensure the sustainability of e-records. Examples of such road maps are found in countries such as Australia and England. Turkey has an urgent need for a similar study. The administrative departments that are in the position of authority in the field of e-governmenance, e-information, and e-records, such as the Information Society Department under the Presidency of Strategy and Budget and the Presidency of State Archives, have an important role in building the road map. Countrylevel strategies can be a model for institutions. According to these strategies, organizations can create their own road maps.

Need for a National Strategy for the Future of Electronic Records in  Turkey: A Review of the Literature

Kübra

Zekai

Res. Assist.

Utilization of Library Facilities by Pre-Service Science  Teachers: Information Literacy and Scientific Literacy  Perspectives

Şeyda

Malik

Assist. Prof.

Library habits can be explained as the individual's use of the library for different purposes and at certain frequencies. The habits around reading and using the library contributes to an individual's language and effective communication skills, development of intelligence, success in education, critical thinking ability, and a social personality. For the child, drawing can sometimes replace language. Children sometimes try to explain things that they cannot express verbally by drawing. Imagination has a significant effect on children's painting drawings. The child approaches the outside world, events, and objects without being bound by the rule of logic. Also, drawing is a language for children in which they use different symbols and shapes. While children may draw some objects to be smaller or larger than they are, they can also draw some things by likening them to different metaphors such as the star, the moon, and the sun. A child’s metaphors can provide very important information in perceiving the library and the librarian. In this study, to reveal the children's perceptions about the library, the drawings they have drawn and interpreted were used, and, accordingly, there was an attempt to discern how students reflect the library habits and library perception by drawing them.In the study, students' tendency to read books, their library perceptions and usage habits, and their attitudes and tendencies in this direction were determined and evaluated with their drawings and expressions. The main purpose of the study is to reveal the attitudes and perceptions of primary school students toward the library, books, and reading through their comments and original drawings. The study was carried out by using qualitative research through art-based research techniques. In this study, primary school students' perceptions of the library and, accordingly, books and reading, were examined based on their own pictures and their overall comments on the pictures. The participants in the study are primary school first, second, third, and fourth grade students. Primary school students were chosen as the source of this data because they were most likely to express their feelings, thoughts, and perceptions about any subject through pictorial drawings.The research included 57 students between the ages of 6–10 from four different classes at Bilkent Erzurum Primary School in Erzurum, Turkey. The data were collected through an art-based qualitative research method (in the context of students drawing and interpreting their perceptions of the library). To obtain the necessary data for the study, the students were asked, "What comes to mind when you say library?” They were asked to spend 40 minutes, or one class, period, drawing their perceptions of the library using crayons and A4 size paper. After the drawings were completed, the students were asked to interpret them. These comments were recorded and used to determine the perception of the library in the drawings of the students during the analysis of the data in the study. The data obtained from the students' pictorial expressions and their written expressions based on their drawings were evaluated and interpreted through document analysis.This analysis showed that the students' drawings and comments were generally related to the library. Most of the students reflected the library spatially in their drawings. Generally speaking, students gave more space to books, shelves, and librarian items among the subtitles of the library theme. Under the “library material” theme, the first thing that comes to mind for all (100%) of the students when the library is mentioned is books. Second, 50 (88%) of the students included a shelf, and third, 32 (56%) of the students included library staff. Three (5%) students mentioned the library week activities under the main theme of “library activities.” The drawings and concepts related to the library perception that emerged in the pictorial expressions are proof that students have perceptions and knowledge of the library, but students, think of the library more in terms of place and building than its function. However, it has been concluded that the first thing that comes to students' minds when the library is mentioned is the book.

Using Drawings to Determine Library Perceptions of Primary  School Students: Bilkent Erzurum Primary School Example

Burcu

Ayşenur

There are many definitions and approaches in the literature regarding the concept of design. With the most general approaches, design is defined in terms of thinking, problem-solving, decision-making, a trial-and-error process. According to the broadest definition found in the literature, design is a way of visualizing, shaping and/or producing any plan and/or sketch. Thought processes, which are the basis of the design, turn into a design depending on the creative ability of the individuals and the limits of creativity. These products have had an impact on societies from the past to the present. At this point, architectural design is considered a creative cognitive process. Sharing and storing the information produced is one of the basic needs of individuals in every period across history. The process of sharing and storing information, starting with text on papyrus, continues with the information resources available in electronic media today. The main environment that allows this sharing is undoubtedly a library. It should not be forgotten that the basic elements of libraries as an information center are the building’s architecture, budget, staff, and the collection of literature housed within them. The attractive and admirable nature of library buildings is their undoubtedly important factors that affect their usage. Apart from this, designing a new library building and/or the reorganization of an existing building is carried out in the context of various factors. Factors such as functionality, ease of access, high user interaction, safety, and simplicity are important factors to be considered during the design phase. Throughout history, individuals’ thought processes can be clearly traced in the architectural design phase of these buildings; further, the resulting structures also affect the society they are in. It is possible to observe the effects of the culture and period in which they were found, especially in the structures that emerged in the ancient period. However, such structures belonging to the ancient period still carry the traces of the civilization in which they were located. Library buildings in Alexandria, Ephesus Celsus, Nineveh, and Pergamon are among the most important examples. The library of Alexandria was one of the most important architectural structures created, with its unique architecture, it was the largest archive in the world for 300 years and contained 150.000 manuscripts. The Ephesus Celsus library was a magnificent structure built within the borders in Turkey. It hosted approximately 14.000 resources, and it is known that book rolls were kept in niches inside the walls. The Pergamon library rivaled other important libraries of the period with approximately 200.000 manuscripts, both papyrus and parchment codices, and a unique architectural style. The Nineveh library was similar to the Pergamon library. Nineveh was one of the most important structures when evaluated in terms of architectural features, and being the first known library in the world with its collection of approximately 30.000 engraved tablets. These libraries, which served humanity and science for centuries, stand out due to their geographic locations and their role in scientific advancement. There are differences between these libraries in the types of materials that was used to record information and the way they were utilized. They continue to carry the traces of ancient civilizations to the present.

Library Architectures in The Ancient: Examples of Efes Celcus,  Pergamon, Alexanderia and Ninova

Prof. Dr.

GUEST EDITOR (JUNE ISSUE)

Haktan

Türkay

In an era where personal data flows have become integral to public service operations, ensuring data security, privacy, and legal compliance has emerged as a critical challenge for public institutions. This study investigates the data governance landscape within the Turkish public sector by focusing on the legal, technical, and organizational dimensions of anonymization, deletion, and destruction processes. Despite the existence of national regulations such as the Turkish Personal Data Protection Law (KVKK), discrepancies between central and regional data management practices persist. This research provides a comprehensive evaluation of these inconsistencies and offers practical recommendations to establish a harmonized and enforceable data governance framework.&nbsp;The study employs a qualitative research design based on semi5structured interviews with managers, administrative staff, and IT personnel in 103 public institutions located in Aydın province. The data collection process involved face5to5face interviews guided by a flexible set of open5ended questions aimed at exploring institutional awareness, technical infrastructure, regulatory compliance, and procedural implementation concerning data protection and management.&nbsp;The results reveal that although public institutions demonstrate a general awareness of data protection require5 ments, substantial gaps exist in terms of practical implementation. One key finding is that data governance strategies are often limited to central authorities, with regional offices lacking the autonomy or expertise to operationalize relevant procedures. This imbalance creates a significant vulnerability in the public sector’s ability to maintain secure and legally compliant data practices across decentralized units.&nbsp;From a technical standpoint, methods for data anonymization, such as k5anonymity, l5diversity, and t5closeness, are rarely employed, even though they are widely accepted in privacy5preserving data analytics. Most institutions still rely on rudimentary approaches such as logical deletion (file deactivation) instead of irreversible deletion or secure overwriting methods. This limited technical capacity elevates the risk of unauthorized access and data leakage, particularly in cases of external audits or cybersecurity incidents.&nbsp;Institutional policies on data classification, access control, backup, and disposal are either missing or inconsistently applied across different departments. Where such policies exist, they tend to be centrally managed by IT units with minimal input or oversight from legal or administrative departments. Moreover, the absence of a unified data responsibility matrix means that individual accountability for data handling is often unclear, leading to fragmented implementation and poor coordination during data lifecycle transitions (e.g., from collection to deletion).Another significant barrier identified is the inconsistent interpretation of the legal obligations outlined in the Regulation on the Deletion, Destruction, and Anonymization of Personal Data. Although this regulation derives from KVKK, many public institutions—especially those exempt from registration in the Data Controllers' Registry (VERBIS) —struggle with defining the scope and depth of their compliance duties. This ambiguity is particularly pronounced in public agencies operating in the domains of social services and local governance, where data5intensive programs are prevalent, but internal control mechanisms are weak or outdated.&nbsp;The study also finds that employee training on data protection remains insufficient in both frequency and content. Central authorities may offer periodic training sessions, but regional units report limited participation and poor retention of information. As a result, frontline personnel who directly handle sensitive data often lack the necessary skills to identify potential vulnerabilities or apply preventive measures. This lack of capacity further compounds institutional exposure to risks such as unauthorized disclosures, legal sanctions, and reputational damage.Importantly, the research underscores the need for a multi5dimensional data governance framework that bridges regulatory mandates with practical enforcement mechanisms. Such a framework should include standardized&nbsp;procedures for data anonymization, deletion, and destruction; clearly defined roles and responsibilities; mandatory training programs; and periodic audits to ensure compliance and accountability. The establishment of a centralized but adaptable data governance model would also facilitate better coordination between central and local units, allowing for uniform implementation without compromising operational flexibility.In conclusion, this study contributes to the broader discourse on public sector digital transformation by highlighting the critical role of secure data governance in ensuring citizen trust, institutional transparency, and regulatory compliance. As public institutions increasingly adopt digital tools for service delivery, investing in robust data management policies and infrastructures is no longer optional but essential. The findings are particularly relevant for policymakers, public administrators, and data protection officers seeking to align institutional practices with both national regulations and global standards in data privacy and security.&nbsp;

Legal and Technical Evaluation of Anonymization, Deletion and Destruction Processes Related to Data Management in the Public Sector: The Case of Aydın Province

Oluwole

Joshua

Taiwo

Evaluating User Perceptions and the Effectiveness of Gamification Elements in Enhancing Engagement with Library Resources

Özlem

Mehmet

Early literacy skills play a critical role in children’s cognitive, linguistic, and academic development. Research indicates that literacy experiences acquired at an early age have a direct impact on children’s educational trajectories and lifelong learning abilities. Literacy skills are not only fundamental to individual success but also serve as essential components of societal development. Therefore, the quality of literacy opportunities provided during early childhood is of paramount importance.In this process, not only parents, teachers, and caregivers who support children’s literacy development but also institutional structures contributing to early childhood education play a crucial role. Libraries provide children with opportunities to engage with books, thereby fostering language development, enhancing access to reliable information, and contributing to the establishment of a reading culture. In particular, children’s libraries and library services designed for early age groups offer an essential environment that encourages children to recognise, explore, and use information resources.&nbsp;However, there is a need for a comprehensive and reliable assessment tool to measure the quality of early literacy experiences that parents provide in the home environment, as well as their library usage habits. In response to this need, the Home-Based Early Literacy and Library Use Habits Scale (HELLUHS) was developed as an original instrument designed to evaluate parents’ participation in early literacy activities with their children and their habits regarding library use.The developed scale aims to evaluate how frequently parents engage in book reading activities with their children, the extent to which they incorporate interactive activities such as storytelling and word games, and how actively they utilise library services. Furthermore, it facilitates an analysis of parents’ library usage habits as a means of supporting their children’s learning and the ways in which they benefit from these services. In this way, the relationship between early childhood literacy development and library use can be systematically examined.By employing HELLUHS, the impact of parents’ literacy activities at home on children’s development can be substantiated with concrete data. Consequently, policies can be developed to enhance the integration of library services into early childhood education. In this context, this scale is considered a significant tool for better understanding the role of early literacy and library services in child development and for formulating strategies to enhance this process.This study aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the scale developed to determine the early literacy skills provided by parents to their typically developing children aged 3-6 years in the home environment and their library usage habits. The study was conducted using a survey design, a subtype of quantitative research methodology. The scale developed for this research was administered to parents both online and in print. In this context, the study sought to identify the extent to which parents and their children possess the early literacy components included in the scale. Additionally, parents’ library usage habits were investigated.The study employed probability sampling and purposive sampling methods. The research sample consisted of parents of 500 typically developing children aged 3 to 6 years residing in the Çankaya district of Ankara, Turkey. Data were collected using two instruments: a Demographic Information Form and the Home-Based Early Literacy and Library Use Habits Scale (HELLUHS). The scale comprised 36 items, while the Demographic Information Form included 8 questions.&nbsp;The collected data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Through these analyses, validity and reliability tests were conducted using SPSS and AMOS software, and the findings are presented in tables. To determine the factor loadings of the items in the developed scale, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed. All analyses were conducted on data obtained from 389 parents with typically developing children aged 3-6 years.&nbsp;The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure was found to be .85, and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity yielded a significant result (χ² = 528.74, p = 0.00), indicating the suitability of the data for factor analysis. The results of the EFA revealed that the scale had a four-factor structure, with eigenvalues greater than 1. The first factor accounted for 23.24% of the total variance, the second factor 21.40%, the third factor 17.65%, and the fourth factor 15.47%.To determine the reliability of responses to the 36-item Early Literacy and Library Perception Scale, the Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated (see Table 2). The overall reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be .901, indicating high internal consistency. Considering the strengths, weaknesses, and overall content of the developed scale, it is assumed to be a qualified instrument for measuring early literacy and library usage habits in the home environment within the national context.

Parental Support for Early Literacy and Library Use at Home: A Reliability and Validity Study

Rukıyye

Libraries in the Manuscript Age

Güler

Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Globalizing the Library: Librarians and Development Work, 1945-1970

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Ceyhan

Arşiv Dünyası (AD) has been published since 1999. AD was published a total of 17 times between 1999 and 2014. AD became a refereed journal in 2008. As a national refereed journal, the journal titled AD has been published electronically since 2017. In this research, the contents of articles in 17 journals published between 1999-2014 have been analyzed. The new period starting in 2018 is excluded from the scope of the research. In the analysis, content evaluation is carried out within the framework of the type of the articles, page number, article topics, method used, data collection technique, Turkish / English abstract, annotation / bibliography and information about to which institutions the authors contribute. In this research, the rate of non-refereed articles is 32.99%, while the rate of refereed articles is 24.49%. 1189 pages were published in the journal between 1999-2014. 636 (53.49%) of these were published before it became refereed, 553 (46.50%) after. 52.07% of the subjects of the articles published in AD are related to the history of science, while 47.93% of the relevant articles are related to archival and archival issues (the subjects matched with archival journal literature from several of the leading journals in the field, such as the American Archivist, Archivaria, Archives and Manuscripts, Journal of the Society of Archivists and Archival Science). If we look through the methods used in this study, descriptive methods (33.19%) and content analysis (27.73%) come to the forefront. As the data collection technique, content analysis (29.83%) and various other techniques (24.79%) such as previously collected data, observation, historical resource analysis, and thinking aloud were used. The percentage of articles having abstracts in Turkish and English is 11.64%, while the percentage of articles not having abstracts in Turkish and English is 85.71%. The percentage of articles having only abstracts in Turkish is 2.65%. The rate of articles not having annotations and bibliographies is 35.11%. The rate of articles having only annotations is 31.91%, while 17.08% of the relevant articles have only bibliographies. The rate of articles having both annotations and bibliographies is 15.96%. Finally, the articles were written by 108 different authors representing 33 institutions both domestic and abroad. The overwhelming majority of the articles were written by a single author. Although researchers affiliated with the departments of information and records management have authored the minority of the articles, they have become far better represented in archival literature. The problems facing AD are also discussed along with some recommendations. Firstly, it is clear that a journal with strong publication principles will increase its reputation in the professional community and scientific publishing field, and this will increase the number of publication demands. Secondly, the editors who were clearly responsible for the implementation of these principles could not properly fulfil their obligations. This seems to cause problems in the journal’s publishing life. Thirdly, there is no doubt that if the journal is indexed in national and international directories, by eliminating the negativities identified in the study, the journal will be given more importance and demand in the professional community. Finally, as the world of scholarly communication changes, professional discourse should be able to change with it.

Research Issues in the Archival Field in Turkey: Content Analysis of the Articles Published in The Journal of Archive World

Halil

Lecturer

The Role of Electronic Publications in Socialization of Information in Turkey

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

Özgür

Libraries in the Context of Postmodernism: A Theoretical Evaluation

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies – Bilgi ve Belge Araştırmaları Dergisi is the scientific, peer-reviewed, open access official publication of Istanbul University, Faculty of Letters, Department of Information and Records Management. It is published biannualy. The publication languages of the journal are Turkish and English. 

The aim of the journal is to contribute to the development of the information and documentation area on a healthy basis by including original scientific articles, opinions, reader letters, translation articles, news and professional meeting announcements in Turkish or English that examine problems. It is among the aims of the journal to develop ways of sharing information, to organize, present and provide access to information, to disseminate information primarily in academic and social life, and to lead knowledge-based social development.

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies publishes articles on librarianship, archiving, documentation and information. The journal includes original scientific articles, opinions, reader letters, promotional articles, translation articles, news and professional meeting announcements in Turkish or English, which examine the problems related to information and document management and offer solutions.

EBSCO

ERIH PLUS

SOBIAD

Gale Cengage

@METRIC_VOLUMES

@METRIC_ISSUES

@METRIC_ARTICLES

@METRIC_OPENACCESS

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies

@INFO_TAB_ABOUT

Editor in Chief

Co Editor in Chief

Guest Editor

Editorial Management Board Member

Publicity Manager

English Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

@INFO_TAB_BOARDS

The aim of the journal is to contribute to the development of the information and documentation area on a healthy basis by including original scientific articles, opinions, reader letters,  translation articles, news and professional meeting announcements in Turkish or English that examine problems. It is among the aims of the journal to develop ways of sharing information, to organize, present and provide access to information, to disseminate information primarily in academic and social life, and to lead knowledge-based social development. The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies publishes articles on librarianship, archiving, documentation and information. The journal includes original scientific articles, opinions, reader letters, promotional articles, translation articles, news and professional meeting announcements in Turkish or English, which examine the problems related to information and document management and offer solutions. The journal includes articles focusing especially on the following topics: Archive types, management and applicationsBibliometryInformation seeking behaviorConceptual and historical studies on scienceInformation and document management trainingInformation securityInformation literacyInformation management center types,Information management systems,Information technologiesElectronic Archive SystemsElectronic Document Management SystemsLibrary types, management and The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies applicationsLegal and ethical issues such as copyright, which occur with technology-related changes, fall within the scope of the journal.

Aim and Scope

SOBİAD (<a href="http://atif.sobiad.com/taranan.jsp" target="_blank">http://atif.sobiad.com/taranan.jsp</a>)EBSCO Central &amp; Eastern European Academic Source Gale CengageErih Plus

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

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The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

All expenses of the journal are covered by the Istanbul University. Processing and publication are free of charge with the journal. There is no article processing charges or submission fees for any submitted or accepted articles.

Authors publishing with the journal retain the copyright to their work licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</a>  ) and grant the Publisher non-exclusive commercial right to publish the work. CC BY-NC 4.0 license permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Editor should consider publishing correction if minor errors that do not effect the results, interpretations and conclusions of the published paper are detected. Editor should consider retraction if major errors and/or misconduction that invalidate results and conclusions are detected.Editor should consider issuing an expression of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are not reliable and institutions of the authors do not investigate the case or the possible investigation seems to be unfair or nonconclusive. The guidelines of <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts/complete-set-english" target="_blank">COPE</a> and <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/" target="_blank">ICJME</a> are taken into consideration regarding correction, retractions or expression of concern.RetractionJournal follows <a href="https://publicationethics.org/sites/default/files/retraction-guidelines-cope.pdf" target="_blank">COPE’s Retraction Guidelines</a> in case of retraction. The editor has the right to retract an article if: <ul><li>There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable; either as a result of a major error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error), or as a result of fabrication (e.g. of data) or falsification (e.g. image manipulation).</li><li>It contains plagiarised content. </li><li>It has been published elsewhere without proper attribution. </li><li>It contains material or data without authorisation for use.</li><li>There is copyright infringement or there is some other serious legal issue.</li><li>It reports unethical research. </li><li>There is evidence that the peer-review process is compromised or manipulated.</li><li>The author(s) failed to disclose a significant competing interest (also known as a conflict of interest) that, in the opinion of the editor, would have unduly influenced the interpretation of the work or the recommendations of the editors and peer reviewers.</li></ul>In case of retraction the following steps are followed:<ul><li>Retraction notice including article title is published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The retraction notice is paginated and listed in the table of contents. </li><li>A link is provided between the retraction notice and the original article in the electronic version. </li><li>The online article is preceded by a page containing the retraction notice; the reader can then proceed to the article itself.</li><li>The original article remains unchanged, except for a watermark on the .pdf on each page stating that it has been &#34;retracted”.</li></ul>Article Removal for Legal ReasonsIn the following circumstances, except the metadata (title and authors), the text of the article is removed and a page informing that the article has been removed for legal reasons replaces the article. <ul><li>The article is found to be defamatory or to infringe the legal rights of others, and retraction is not deemed to be an adequate solution.</li><li>The article has been, or is reasonably likely to be the subject of a court order.</li><li>There is a significant risk to public health. </li></ul>

To guarantee that all papers published in the journal are maintained and permanently accessible, articles are stored in Dergipark which serves as a  national archival web site and at the same time permits LOCKSS to  collect, preserve, and serve the content.Additionally, authors are encouraged to self-archive the final PDF version of their articles in open electronic archives with  that conform to standards of Open Archives Initiative (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>). Authors should provide a link from the deposited version to the URL of IUPress journal website.

The Artificial Intelligence Policy, prepared in light of developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and practices in scholarly publishing, sets out the editorial and ethical principles that authors, reviewers, and editors should follow when using such technologies. The following sources have been considered in the preparation of the AI policy:Committee on Publication Ethics <a href="https://publicationethics.org/guidance/cope-position/authorship-and-ai-tools" target="_blank">(COPE) - Authorship and AI tools</a>; International Committee of Medical Journal Editors <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html#four" target="_blank">(ICMJE) - Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Technology; World Association of Medical Editors  (WAME) Chatbots, Generative AI, and Scholarly Manuscripts</a><a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html#four"></a>AI-assisted technologies (such as large language models [LLMs], chatbots, or image generators) can develop and produce a wide variety of content, including text, images, audio, and synthetic data. When used ethically and safely, these capabilities can increase productivity and foster innovation, but when used without human guidance, they pose risks such as inaccurate and biased results, omissions and errors in citations, deficiencies in protecting privacy and intellectual property rights, and potential violations of authors' and publishers' rights. IUPress adopts the following core principles to avoid these risks in the use of AI:  <ul><li>Details of any AI used in the production of content (including but not limited to text, figures, images, and code) must be declared and clearly explained in the appropriate section of the paper (as an acknowledgement and/or in the methods section). </li><li>No AI tool may be listed as an author in any scientific paper. </li><li>Authors are responsible for the accuracy, completeness, and originality of their work, even if AI is used in any way; they are responsible for the proper referencing and attribution of others' ideas, data, words, or other materials. </li><li>Reviewers and editors must not upload submitted work, in whole or in part, to any generative AI application.</li></ul>In the editorial processes of IUPress publications, tools are available to assist editors in identifying AI-generated content. On the other hand, it is common to use AI tools that provide suggestions for improving and enhancing readability, language, and grammar, and such AI tools can be used in IUPress publications under the supervision of editors and authors.

Artificial Intelligence Policy

<ul><li>Authors are required to declare if they have used AI-assisted technologies (such as large language models [LLMs], chatbots, or image generators) in the creation of their submitted work. </li><li>Authors should explain, both in the cover letter and in the appropriate section of the submitted paper (as a footnote and/or in the methods section), which AI tool and which version of it they have used and for what purpose. </li><li>Authors should also indicate how they used the AI tool and how they assessed the validity of the results obtained using this technology, and what aspects of the paper, manuscript content, data or supporting files were influenced by the use of the AI tool or were generated by AI.</li><li>It is the authors' responsibility to ensure the accuracy, validity and appropriateness of content and citations generated by AI-assisted technologies and to eliminate potential errors, inconsistencies and biased results. </li><li>Authors should always check the original sources to eliminate possible plagiarism, recognising that there is a potential for plagiarism in texts produced with AI-assisted technologies. They should confirm that they have checked and that the sources are original.  </li><li>AI-assisted tools (such as ChatGPT) cannot be listed as authors because they cannot be responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work, and these responsibilities are essential to authorship. Therefore, authors are responsible for all material involving the use of AI-assisted technologies. Authors should ensure that all statements in the article that state the hypotheses, interpretations, conclusions, limitations, and implications of the study represent their own opinions.  </li><li>Studies created by authors using AI tools in the following ways, which substitute for the basic researcher's and author's responsibilities, violate the principles of scientific publishing and publication ethics, and such studies are not eligible for inclusion in publications: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Generation of text or code without rigorous review, </li><li>Generation of synthetic data to replace missing data without a robust methodology, </li><li>Creation of any inaccurate, synthetic content, including abstracts or supplementary materials, </li><li>Creation and manipulation of images and figures (pictures, graphs, data tables, medical images, image snippets, computer codes and formulae) or original research data (enhancing, hiding, moving, removing or adding a particular feature within an image or figure) using AI.</li></ul></ul>

It is essential to maintain confidentiality in the peer review process and not to share or use the reviewed work in this process. <a href="https://publicationethics.org/sites/default/files/ethical-guidelines-peer-reviewers-cope.pdf" target="_blank">(COPE – Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers</a>)<ul><li>Reviewers should not upload a manuscript or part of a manuscript submitted to them for review to generative AI tools or large language models to assist in the review, evaluation or decision-making process, as uploading content to such AI tools by reviewers violates the authors' privacy and property rights.  </li><li>Reviewing a scientific paper is a responsibility that can only be undertaken by human beings. The critical thinking and original evaluation required for peer review is beyond the scope of this technology, and there is a risk that the technology will produce inaccurate, incomplete or biased conclusions about the paper. The peer review report and decision letters should reflect the personal assessment of the reviewers and editors of the submitted content. The reviewer is responsible and accountable for the content of his/her report. </li><li>AI tools may be used in a limited way to improve the quality of the language of the peer review report (for translation or language editing) in the context of peer review. If such use is made, the reviewer must declare the use when submitting the report. </li><li>Reviewers who suspect inappropriate or undisclosed use of generative AI in a submission should report their concerns to the editor.</li></ul>

Editors are obliged to ensure that the confidentiality of the manuscripts submitted to the journal is maintained during the evaluation process, and it is essential that the peer-reviewed work is not shared or used outside the parties involved in that process. (COPE - Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors) <a href="https://publicationethics.org/files/Code_of_conduct_for_journal_editors_Mar11.pdf" target="_blank">(COPE – Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors)</a>.<ul><li>Editors should not upload a submitted article, or any part of it, to generative Artificial Intelligence tools or Big Language Models to assist in the review, evaluation or decision-making process, as this may violate authors' privacy and property rights. </li><li>Managing the editorial review of a scientific article implies responsibilities that can only be attributed to humans. Generative AI or AI-assisted technologies should not be used by editors to assist in the evaluation or decision-making process of an article, as the critical thinking and original evaluation required for this task is beyond the scope of this technology and there is a risk that the technology will produce inaccurate, incomplete or biased conclusions about the article. The editor is responsible and accountable for the editorial process, the final decision and its communication to the authors.</li><li>Editors should not use generative AI tools to compose decision letters or abstracts of unpublished research. </li><li>Editors may use generative AI tools to help find appropriate reviewers.</li><li>If editors suspect the use of generative AI in a submitted manuscript or a submitted referee report, they should conduct an editorial review of the matter and consider the policy.</li></ul>

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, to access the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a>All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publisher) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies –Bilgi ve Belge Araştırmaları Dergisi adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules. -    Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.-    The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.-    The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.-    Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.-    Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.-    The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest  must be disclosed.-    In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.-    If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.-    In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/06C34D064D164EAABF02C84FD463FD36" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form.</a> The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. Editor-in-Chief provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication. He/She must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers. Only he has the full authority to assign a reviewer and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the Journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.  Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international external referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief  upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.-    Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?-    Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?-    Is the problem significant and concisely stated?-    Are the methods described comprehensively?-    Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?-    Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?-    Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

Articles in Turkish and English are published. Submitted manuscript must include an abstract both in the article language and in English, and an extended abstract in English as well. However extended abstract in English is not required for articles in English.All correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="http://dergipark.gov.tr/login" target="_blank">http://dergipark.gov.tr/login</a>  that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bel" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bel</a> and it must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/201A221664974150A7FA664153380449" target="_blank">Title Page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/06C34D064D164EAABF02C84FD463FD36" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted.<ol><li>Manuscripts should be prepared using the Article Template. Due to double blind peer review, manuscript file must not include any information about the author.</li><li>A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/201A221664974150A7FA664153380449" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, ORCID, postal address, phone, mobile phone and fax number of the author(s) (see The Submission Checklist).</li><li>Before the introduction part, there should be an abstract of 120-200 words both in the language of the article and in English. An extended abstract in English between 600-800 words, summarizing the scope, the purpose, the results of the study and the methodology used is to be included following the abstracts. If the manuscript is in English, extended abstract is not required. Underneath the abstracts, 5 keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified in the language of the article and in English.</li><li>The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract and keywords; extended abstract, sections, references, tables and figures.</li><li>References should be in accordance with American Psychological Association (APA) style 6th Edition.</li><li>Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the journal for publication.</li></ol>

Author Guidelines

Research Article: Original research articles report substantial and original scientific results within the journal scope. Original research articles are comprised of Abstract, Key Words, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References and Figures, Tables and Graphics. <ul><li>Abstract:  The abstracts in the language of the article and in English must be between 120- 200 words and state aim, method, result and conclusions of the study. If the article is in Turkish, an extended abstract of 600-800 words in English must be written as well following the abstracts.</li><li>Introduction: This section must contain a clear statement of the general and specific objectives as well as the hypotheses which the work is designed to test. It should also give a brief account of the reported literature. It should clearly state the primary and secondary purposes of the article. Only, the actual references related with the issues have to be indicated and data or findings related with the current study must not be included in this section.</li><li>Methods: This section must contain explicit, concise descriptions of all procedures, materials and methods (i.e. data sources, participants, scales, interviews/reviews, basic measurements, applications, statistical methods) used in the investigation to enable the reader to judge their accuracy, reproducibility, etc. This section should include the known findings at the beginning of the study and the findings during the study must be reported in results section. </li><li>Results: The results should be presented in logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures, giving the main or most important findings first. The all the data in the tables or figures should not be repeated in the text; only the most important observations must be emphasized or summarized..</li><li>Discussion: The findings of the study, the findings and results which support or do not support the hypothesis of the study should be discussed, results should be compared and contrasted with findings of other studies in the literature and the different findings from other studies should be explained. The new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them should be emphasized. The data or other information given in the Introduction or the Results section should not be repeated in detail.</li><li>Conclusions: Conclusions derived from the study should be stated.. The conclusions should be linked with the goals of the study but unqualified statements and conclusions not adequately supported by the data should be avoided. New hypotheses should be stated when warranted, but should be labeled clearly as such.</li><li>Figures, Tables and Graphics: Figures, tables and graphics materials should be “.jpg, .tiff or .jpeg” format and they should be submitted with the article. These materials should be min. 300 pixels and they must not be bigger than page size. The illustrations should not exceed 10 pages. All illustrations should be labelled and a list of figures with captions, legends, and credits should be provided on a separate page.</li></ul>Review Article: Reviews prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a particular field and whose scientific background has been translated into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential are welcomed. These authors may even be invited by the journal. Review article should contain title, abstract and keywords; body text with sections, and references.<ul></ul>

<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/201A221664974150A7FA664153380449" target="_blank">Title Page</a> <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/06C34D064D164EAABF02C84FD463FD36" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/09C2227FB2C542DA9E1FE40DF6B90976" target="_blank">Author Form</a>​​​

Ensure that the following items are present:<ul type="disc"> <li>Confirm that the category of the manuscript is specifed.</li> <li>Confirm that “the paper is not under consideration for publication in another journal”.</li> <li>Confirm that  disclosure of any commercial or financial involvement is provided.</li> <li>Confirm that last control for fluent English was done.</li> <li>Confirm that journal policies detailed in Information for Authors have been reviewed.</li> <li>Confirm that the references cited in the text and listed in the references section are in line with APA 6th.  </li> </ul><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/06C34D064D164EAABF02C84FD463FD36" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a><a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/579A7272E4014D9BB92B57BE848C5951" target="_blank">Author Form</a>Permission of previous published material if used in the present manuscript<a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/201A221664974150A7FA664153380449" target="_blank">Title page</a><ul type="disc"> <li>The category of the manuscript</li> <li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li> <li>All authors’ names and affiliations (institution, faculty/department, city, country), e-mail addresses</li> <li>Corresponding author’s email address, full postal address, telephone and fax number</li> <li>ORCIDs of all authors.</li> <li>Grant support (if exists)</li> <li>Conflict of interest (if exists) </li> <li>Acknowledgement (if exists)</li> </ul>●    Main Manuscript Document<ul><li>Important: Please avoid mentioning the author (s) names in the manuscript</li><li>The title of the manuscript both in the language of the article and in English</li><li>Abstract (120-200 words)</li><li>Key words: 5 words</li><li>Extended abstract in English: 600-800 words (for non-english articles) </li><li>Body text sections</li><li>References</li><li>All tables, illustrations (figures) (including title, explanation, captions)</li></ul>

Issue Type	Regular
Editor(s)	İshak Keskin
Cover (PDF)
Full Text (PDF)
Front Pages (PDF)

The Journal of Information and Documentation Studies

ISSUE 15, 2021

Ephemera from an Archivist’s Perspective

Need for a National Strategy for the Future of Electronic Records in Turkey: A Review of the Literature

Utilization of Library Facilities by Pre-Service Science Teachers: Information Literacy and Scientific Literacy Perspectives

Using Drawings to Determine Library Perceptions of Primary School Students: Bilkent Erzurum Primary School Example

Library Architectures in The Ancient: Examples of Efes Celcus, Pergamon, Alexanderia and Ninova

INFORMATION

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