Melda

Uzman

Tennessee Williams was one of 20th century America’s most important playwrights. Williams’ The Glass Menagerie was written in 1944 and premiered by the Playhouse Theater in 1945. The Glass Menagerie has two different translations in the Turkish literary system, the earlier of which is Can Yücel’s Sırça Kümes, published by the Ministry of National Education in 1964. Since its release, Sırça Kümes has been met with great interest and has been staged by both private and state-funded theaters, such as the State Theaters. The other translation is Aytuğ Izat’s Sırça Hayvan Koleksiyonu, published by Mitos Boyut Publications in 2000. This text, supported by the American Consulate and published as part of the Cultural Heritage Project, was added to Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality City Theater’s repertoire and was first staged in the 2014–2015 season.This study aims to examine the translated texts in light of André Lefevere’s theories on rewriting. In the preface to their book Translation/History/Culture, Susan Bassnett and André Lefevere state that every translation/rewriting strategy develops in line with ideological and literary reasons related to the text (Bassnett &amp; Lefevere, 1992: xi). When translated or rewritten texts are examined in this way, it is possible to treat the translator's unique behaviors as a subject of inquiry and to produce a detailed opinion of the time and environment in which the translation was performed.The study is organized in three parts. The first focuses on the theoretical framework of translation as rewriting and theater text translation. In the second part, the definitions established in the first part are applied to the process of scrutinizing the translations, and the two translated target texts are examined alongside the source text within the framework of Marilyn GaddisRose’s concept of “stereoscopic reading.”.” Finally, the processes underlying the production of the two translations are analyzed under the subtitles Usage of Slang, Usage of Idioms, Expressions Related to Staging Process, Expressions Related to Target Culture, Expressions&nbsp;Related to Source Culture, and Title Preference. Differences between translators’ selections are explained according to these characteristics.&nbsp;&nbsp;To reflect the characters’ spoken language in the target text, Can Yücel employed idiomatic and slang elements that stand out in the daily use of the target language. Yücel’s choice can be considered an effort to prevent the target audience from attracting a stranger to a work that belongs to the source language and culture system. Taking the staging notes into account, Yücel created a text ready to be staged by reflecting the directions given by Williams, the original playwright, in the source text. By contrast, Aytuğ İzat's translation uses everyday language within the semantic range of the words in the source text, reflecting his desire to protect the linguistic and cultural features of the source system and to provoke an emotional response in the target audience. İzat’s translation preserves the source language and culture system and thus represents a resource-oriented translation. It can be considered a text that allows directors' decisions to come to the fore in the staging process, ignoring both staging notes and actor directions.In conclusion, differences in the translators’ interpretation of the source text were reflected in both target texts in line with the translators’ different reading processes. These differences can be recognized as translator decisions that enrich and develop the target language and culture system. Within the scope of the study, the shaping of the translation process and the differences between the translators’ discourses (tracked in the target system by comparison with characteristics of the source text’s own language and culture system) can be analyzed in the context of rewriting. Thanks to the different paths chosen by the translators, Can Yücel and Aytuğ İzat, the source text is re-created in the target system. In other words, the study shows that the translators reached noticeably different destinations despite using the same source, writing the same yet different plays in the target system. These play texts, which have assumed and preserved a place for themselves in the target literary system, have continued to meet with audiences in the theater halls. It is important for a target text to be represented by more than one translation in a target literary system, both for the reader and the system itself. The richness created by this diversity stimulates further development of the literary system, progress among readers and audiences, and the expansion of creativity.

Rewritten Texts: Comparative Analysis of Sirça Kümes and Sirça  Hayvan Koleksiyonu in the Context of Theater Translation

Burcu

Res. Assist.

Unlike traditional media tools, new media tools include social media networks, which use information and communication technologies and new socialities arising in these networks. The agents of new socialities are developing in a democratic, fast, and horizontal digital environment. Participatory and convergence culture (Jenkins, 2006a, 2006b and 2009) is indispensable in this environment. Because participants come together on a common platform to exchange information and establish connections in digital environments, they comprise a “convergence culture” (Jenkins, 2019) and create a collective intelligence, “making all relevant information available to [them] at any time” (Lévy, 1999, 217).The new network-based socialities and democratization movement that came to the fore with the sociological turn in the field of translation (Bogenç-Demirel &amp; Süter-Görgüler, 2019; Bogenç-Demirel, Süter-Görgüler &amp; Kurmel, 2017; Bogenç-Demirel, 2014) reveal the importance of focusing on the digital media translation practices of actors in the field. Digital media translation practices, which are the reproducer of social-media-based movements, play a mediating role in the interaction and cultural exchange between new actors of new media. Due to the fact that convergence is also a “cultural change” (Jenkins, 2019, 20), we focused on the digital media translation practices of Bulgarian Turks who are adept at navigating at least two languages, countries, and cultures. Bulgarian Turks have arrived in Turkey in several waves of migration since the establishment of the Republic of Turkey until the present day (those with the character of mass migration movement occurred in four large waves until 1989). On the other hand, the Bulgarian Turks who migrated are struggling to protect and maintain their common cultural values. This desire has also been reflected in the digital environment with mutual interaction.The aim of the study is to examine the reflections of the society, which is transformed and translated by the behaviors specific to the network society, on the digital environment in a&nbsp;closed group formed on the Facebook and to make inferences through digital media translation practices. The research questions developed in this direction are as follows: “Considering the posts shared in the group, how do the behaviors specific to the ‘convergence culture’ and ‘participatory culture’ exhibited by the community members in the network society, as the focal point of netnographic analysis, reflect on the digital environment?” and “How do agents in the network build digital media translation practices?”The methodological approach of the study is netnography, “internet or network ethnography,” which was introduced by Kozinets (2010, 1). Netnography, which makes it possible to reach the “natural,” “uninterrupted data” set in the digital environment, is one of the “solid methods” that can be used to reach the cultural experiences of the researched community (Kozinets, 2010, 11–12). In this study, we tried to analyze the digital media translation practices of the Bulgarian Turks with respect to the concepts of “convergence culture,” “participatory culture” (Jenkins, 2006a, 2006b and 2009), and “collective intelligence” Lévy (1999), in line with the netnographic methodological approach.The findings of the netnographical analysis showed that participatory culture has led to a cycle in which each individual within the group struggles to exist and produce more content. The mission of carrying the network to a sustainable position is important for the agents to increase the group dynamics. The group is a multi-lingual, multi-layered, and active platform where translation practice takes place continuously, including at least one bilingual social network platform where both Turkish and Bulgarian language and culture are included in the circulation. It would not be wrong to claim that Bulgarian Turks, who are the subject and object of their own change and transformation with the change of living environment, language, and culture, use the translation practice as a reproduction tool in the relevant digital platform for the interaction and transformation of the digital environment.

Society Transformed and Translated in Digital Environment: A  Netnographic Approach to Digital Media Translation Practices of  Bulgarian Turks

Tuğçe

Fatma

Prof.

The art of translation has existed since the beginning of human history. However, before translation studies became a discipline in and of itself, translations were investigated by scholars from various disciplines, such as comparative literature, foreign language education, and linguistics. Therefore, the concepts and methods of translation have been shaped within the framework of these disciplines. The current study focuses on the relationship between translation and linguistics, and assumes that, especially during the 1950s and the 1960s, studies on translations were dominated by the linguistic perspective. In these studies, the research on translation had been reduced to the equivalence problem, whereas the complex and multidimensional structure of translation had been ignored. In addition, translation practices in applied linguistics have been insufficient to explain translation phenomena. This fact contributed to the handling of translation in its own reality. When translation studies became an independent discipline during the 1970s, scholars considered translation within its own reality. Thus, efforts were made to develop its theories and methods. Nevertheless, this development does not indicate that translation studies is close to interdisciplinary relations. The subject of translation studies is translation, whereas the subject of linguistics is language. Thus, interaction between the two disciplines is only natural because translatorial activity has an inclusive relationship with language. Based on this view, this study aims to question the performativity of linguistic concepts and methods in translation theory. The theoretical basis of this study is two-fold. First, the concepts and methods of language/speech, system, value, lexical field, and equivalence that exist in translational theories explicitly or implicitly are explained within the framework of structuralism theory. In time, however, studies at the word and sentence levels have been conducted through text. Thus, text-linguistics has been established, which highlighted the importance of the semantic, communicative, and functional dimensions of linguistics. Studies on translations that address texts also prioritize communication and communication conditions, such that the methods of text-linguistics can be used in translation descriptions and applications. This aspect leads the second part of the theoretical basis. For the abovementioned reasons, the study also examined the contexts and methods of text-linguistics, such as text type classification and textuality criterion, which are assumed effective in translation. The corpus of the study constitutes of translation-oriented text classification, Skopos theory, polysystem theory, and interpretive theory of meaning. The study is descriptive in nature and analyzes this corpus in light of the methods and concepts of structuralism theory and text-linguistics. The findings indicate that certain linguistic concepts and methods were included in the theories of translation. Moreover, the results were demonstrated on examples from various translations because the aforementioned methods and concepts guide students in their translations, and their demonstrations enrich the study. Further, the study provided suggestions for the acquisition or improvement of the concepts and methods in academic translation education. Lastly, general inferences were made regarding the study.

The Traces of Linguistics in Translation Studies

Ensa

The increase in the number of joint endeavors between the translation industry and the Academy, as well as the inclusion of foreign language courses at universities, have paved the way for the expansion of the language industry in Turkey. Presently, the language industry is comprised of three areas in the international field: translation studies, language technology, and language education. In the 1990s, the concept of the language industry only referred to the processing of language in software; it has since lost its validity in international fields. With the development of various programs for language technology, since the 2000s the scope of the language industry has expanded and all components related to language technology have been included in the industry, making it an important sector. The increase in multilingual studies in the language industry, especially in the European Union, has led to the emergence of new projects and professional areas. In 2009, the European Union General Directorate of Translation (DG Translation) ranked eight sectors within the scope of the language industry: translation, interpreting, software localization, website globalization, tool development for language technology, language training, language-focused consultancy for companies, and the organization of multilingual international conferences. Firms such as IBIS World Industry and CSA Research (Report) regularly conduct research on the language industry. Considering the growth rate in the translation sector, it may be that those who prefer the translation profession have a higher probability for a career in the field. Graduates of foreign language departments are also among the advantaged candidates in the translation industry. However, the extent to which the public recognizes the basic duties of a translation professional should be discussed separately. It has been generally observed from written and visual media—television, the news, the internet, and job advertisements—that the basic responsibilities of translators are not recognized by the public; the professional visibility of translators is regarded less than that of a physician or a lawyer. As long as there is a lack of awareness about the duties of the translation profession, other career paths will be chosen. Students who proactively choose to enroll in translation departments can increase their motivation and convey their academic success to their professional life. A person aware of their qualities should be honest with themselves and sincere in their actions. Individuals should recognize their integrity, be aware of their skill set, and know “why, where and how to use these skills” (Şimşek, 2014). In this context, awareness brings about a professional approach to the translation profession. According to Schopp, being a professional means having a sense of responsibility toward one’s self, one’s client, and the professional situation. It is not enough for the companies that provide translation services to adapt to developments in the translation sector. Also, translation studies departments should be required to convey developments occurring in the profession to candidate translators through their curriculums. In this study, a satisfaction questionnaire was given to the students of the Translation Studies Department of Istanbul University (along with a general assessment) in order to measure their cognizance regarding their intention in choosing this department. In order to examine the students’ awareness regarding their choice, especially the first-year students, they were given a questionnaire in 2015. Three years later, a questionnaire of similar questions used in the first questionnaire was given again in the spring semester of the 2018–2019 academic year. Some of the questions in the preliminary questionnaire were also in the final one. Based on the results of the present research, it can be argued that awareness should be raised, regarding the wide range of jobs in the translation profession. However, the Academy is not the only entity capable of facilitating awareness in this matter. The language industry should be more integrated within translation and interpretation departments and cooperationoriented projects and platforms should be developed, especially in Turkey. The Academy is expected to train fully-equipped translators. Although state universities provide extensive theoretical knowledge, they cannot achieve the same success in terms of application. The lack of modern, technological equipment may be one reason for this situation. Translation science, technology, and education—the components of the language industry—should be considered a triad and joint studies should be increased between these fields.

Language Industry and the Translation Profession: A  Questionnaire for the Undergraduate Students of the Translation Studies Department

Elif

This study analyzes the conditions under which and for what purposes translations are conducted, from a sociological point of view through a focus on the example of the transformation of Boule de Suif, Maupassant's first masterpiece, into Yağ Tulumu in Turkish, drawing attention to the meaning and importance of this transformation in the sociological context. However, in the examination of the work, a product-oriented approach was taken in preference to a processoriented one; the work is handled along the axis of its essence and content rather than that of its form and structural features. Because a translation comes into being within a relationship to the social and cultural environments in which it is produced and read, this study adopts Itamar Even-Zohar’s theory of literary poly-system and it also uses the concepts of center and periphery relations and cultural repertoire to clarify some facts in Turkish literary history. After briefly noting the development of the role of translation in Turkish culture and literature in its chronological development, the study examines how a new culture was deliberately created in Turkish history in the 1930s and how the translation movement begun at this direction could serve as an example for the theory of literary poly-system. The birth of the medium of comics, its structure and genres, and the ways in which it functions are presented. Moreover, its place and function in popular culture in the global age, together with the related social and cultural aspects, are also shown. Information on Guy de Maupassant and his work Boule de Suif is involved, including discussion of the life and identity of the author and his method and writing style. The translation of Boule de Suif into Turkish is explained, and the facts that have caused its change of genre and language to a comic book in Turkish under the title Yağ Tulumu are discussed. The content of the work in relation to both its transformation and its universal appeal is described. The plot, the characters, and the key details are highlighted. At the end of the study, it is made clear that no act of translation can occur casually or randomly. The introduction and circulation of translations also continues in line with certain social, ideological, and political goals along with the major translation movements that have been initiated for determined reasons, such as creating a new language, culture, and literature, as in the example of Turkish history. Thus, translation fulfills its task through products preferred within popular culture in the current global age, which are easy to access and have immediate impact on people. If it is accepted that visuality has a strong and permanent effect on human perception, the importance of the comic in this century as a genre with both literary and visual qualities becomes clear. Because mass media and art, including comics, are usually no considered apart from their social and cultural context, it is easy to conclude that are produced for political and ideological purposes as well as for economic ones. In this context, the transformation of the literary classics can be more clearly seen. To put it another way, a summary of the aims and justifications of this movement of classical works shows itself when the reasons for the transformation of Boule de Suif, the first masterpiece of Maupassant, into Yağ Tulumu are explored. Because the universal nature of the story lends itself to being used as a tool to awaken social consciousness, the work was made into a comic, one of the most effective and common tools of popular culture. Thus, when the type and qualities of the Yağ Tulumu are evaluated, it can be seen that it serves a counter to the dominant, hegemonic ideology. This study also suggests that comics containing picture and visual content can be used to awaken and enlighten public opinion, in contrast to the previous use by the upper classes who were able to manage illiterate lower classes using images in accordance with their own ends.

Yağ Tulumu: The Sociological Dimension of a Transformation

Arsun

CALL FOR PAPER

Assist. Prof.

“I was subjected to cringe translation”: Digital Social Reading and the Reception of Translated Young Adult Fantasy Fiction

Hasan

Zeynep

Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Information being more accessible through digital networks in the 21st century has enabled ideas to be introduced not only through ideologues and limited news sources but also through new media literates, and this has enabled Karl Marx’s ideas to be rewritten and retranslated by different actors. This article examines four pieces of content the Öncül Analitik Felsefe community has rewritten and retranslated from English to Turkish concerning the concept of alienation as developed by Marx and some relational concepts Marx had emphasized such as colonialism and historical class conflict. Rewriting is one of the concepts this study focuses on and defining it is essential. Rewritings represent all factors related to the formation of the image of an author or a work in the target culture. Whatever the purpose, rewritings reflect a certain ideology and poetics, directing literature to function in a certain way in a society (Lefevere, 2004). Additionally, this research is based theoretically on such translation practices that have arisen around virtual experiences and algorithms as online social translation, online collaborative translation, community translation, and user-derived translation content production. In addition, the study interviewed the founder of the community about the community and analyzed the responses using netnographic analysis methods, which focus on virtual network communities, the users who interact with each other in online environments, and their actions. The Öncül Analitik Felsefe community is an open science community and its rewritings and retranslations of Marx has been undertaken with an understanding derived from the tradition of analytical philosophy as opposed to the Marxist understanding that is dominant in Türkiye and that had derived from the tradition of continental philosophy. This assists in the comparison for understanding both traditions better, because unlike the characteristics of the continental philosophical tradition such as literary expression and a distant stance toward natural sciences, analytic philosophy is based on linguistic, logical, and conceptual analyses that don’t make the literature an actor of philosophy. The analytical philosophical tradition is criticized for ignoring many injustices because it does not have a historical perspective. On the contrary, ideological prejudices and experiences in the continental philosophy tradition may come to the fore. This analytic and rational understanding aims to position Marxism on a more rational basis by pulling it away from the ideological and historical perspective. In light of all this information, the article will question whether the contents can be defined as active and critical by considering the production and consumption conditions of the retranslation. The article will examine the volunteer translators’ motivations, rewriting and retranslation strategies, and ethical stances, as well as whether a relationship can be established between the analytical Marxist approach built around the rewriting and translation of Marx in the mentioned community and democratic values. In order to understand the purposes for which the Öncül Analitik Felsefe community has rewritten and retranslated Marx’s ideas and to analyze the rewriting process of the community, certain results have emerged in light of the concepts highlighted within the scope of the study. The study has determined in detail the characteristics of the examined retranslation practices examined based on Anthony Pym and Yanjie Li’s thoughts on retranslation. The study has revealed that retranslating using digital networks enables the retranslation practice to be more accessible to the masses by establishing a dialogue between the reader and the translator thanks to the accessibility of the data that comes with open science, especially for a community that produces and circulates open science content such as the Öncül Analitik Felsefe community. In addition, this study has aimed to contribute to the expansion and diversification of the definition and application areas of the concept of rewriting through digital networks.&nbsp;

A Spectre Is Haunting Digital Network: Rewriting Of Karl Marx By Volunteer Translators

Erdinç

Literary translation is a type of translation that has its own characteristics among specialized types of translations. While other fields use a one-to-one translation strategy, literary translation utilizes many different strategies. Therefore, while terms play an important role in other fields, formal and stylistic features of the language come to the fore alongside terms in the translation of literary texts. This is because in addition to transferring the grammatical features of the source language into the target language, eliciting the desired emotional state in the reader is also part of the requirements. This is only possible by effectively reflecting the formal and stylistic features of that language into the target language.&nbsp;In literary translation, however, sometimes the translator adopts a free translation approach by completely breaking away from the text. A translator’s ability to act freely and confidently is directly related to the tools they have, and a translator with sufficient tools will be able to successfully make the necessary intervention in the text. In addition, translators who will make literary translations must first have a strong command of both the source language and culture as well as the target language and culture. Translators must also have artistic skills, because for a translation to be successful and functional, the emotional states and artistic effects of the source text must be revealed to the reader of the target text. This is only possible with artistic skill.Nowadays, translators can carry out the translation process faster and more effectively by resorting to the opportunities offered by technology. The most popular of these new technologies are artificial intelligence (AI)-supported translation tools (AISTTs). While these tools have been used successfully in translations from different fields of expertise, their success in translating literary texts has been a matter of debate. The fact that literary translation has a versatile feature has led to the perception that high quality translation in this field can only be achieved by human translators. However, although a high-quality translation cannot currently be achieved with these tools in the field of literary translation, these tools are seen to be able to be used in the literary translation process with the final editing of the work.In addition, the translation quality of AISTTs doesn’t only depend on text type. Factors such as the amount of data they contain, the frequency of use of the translated language pair, and the structural features of the languages affect the translation success of these systems. Although the success of these tools in literary translation is a matter of debate, the fact that these tools can be used effectively in the literary translation process should not be ignored. This study examines the proficiency of AISTTs in literary translation by comparing them with each other and with human translators. For this purpose, the translations of Albert Camus’s (1942) The Stranger (L’Ètranger) into Turkish by three different translators were used as an example of a literary text type, with Google Translate, DeepL, and ChatGPT being preferred as examples of AISTTs.&nbsp;Camus’s novel The Stranger was published in 1942 and made a big impact on the literary world. The Stranger took its place in the literary world as one of the pioneering works of existential philosophy and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1957. It maintains its place among the most read works today. Reflecting the influence and traces of the pessimistic and hopeless environment of World War II in his works, Camus essentially searched for ways people could survive even in the most difficult and hopeless of times. As a matter of fact, in Camus’ novel The Stranger, Meursault as the hero of the novel who does not learn from the absurdity and meaninglessness of human life and who draws attention with his carelessness and indifference towards life finds himself one step at a time, first through his indifference to his mother’s death and then through the murder he unexpectedly committed in Algeria. The story is about being indifferent to the process that leads to death.AISTTs, also called machine translation, are tools that allow automatic translation without human intervention. Because some of these tools are used with different models, they are considered in this text as AI-supported translation tools in their broader sense rather than as a machine translation. Although the history of these tools dates back to the period when computers emerged after World War II, they have caught eyes and even begun to attract great attention in recent years, with the neural machine translation method they use providing a visible improvement in translation quality

A Comparative Study on the Competencies of Ai-supported Translation Tools in Literary Translation

Özden

Challenges and Opportunities in Telephone Interpreting: A Study on The Perspectives of Interpreters

Barış

The Role of Critical Discourse Analysis in Translation: A Case of the Political Speech

Atalay

Assoc. Prof.

Political Dynamics of Transfer: Said’s Islamist Orientalism (1982)

Melek

Öğretim Görevlisi

Lale

Turkish has been written in different alphabets throughout history, and the Armenian alphabet has been one of these (Tekin, 1997, p. 7). Some explanations are found as to why this alphabet was used; however, the common aspect among these explanations is that it was due to the presence of Armenians who either did not know or knew a little Armenian but spoke Turkish.Turkish readers encountered the novel genre for the first time through translation. Being introduced to a new literary genre that was completely alien to the society brought along some restrictions regarding translation activities. The Turkish translators and/or the publishers of Tanzimat Period in the 19th century can be said to have been cautious when choosing the text type or authors to be translated. When selecting a text for translation, morality was one of the leading translation norms and played an important role in which works were translated from Western literature to Ottoman Turkish.The relationship between novels and morality was observed being discussed in most 19th-century Ottoman newspapers and magazines. Novels were assigned a moral function under the condition that they are to conform to the society’s existing moral values (Andı, 2018, p. 53).The same translation approach was observable in the translations from Western and European literature to Armeno Turkish. The Armenian translators and publishers acted no differently from their contemporaries while choosing texts for translation, as morality was also one of the leading norms for the Armenian translators and publishers.This study has chosen for its research the prefaces as of 10 Armeno-Turkish novel translations between 1850-1900 as paratext in order to verify the correctness of the statement and analyzed these in terms of Gideon Toury’s (2012) preliminary norms. These novels are Don Kişot [Don Quixote], Hikaye-i Robenson [Robinson Crusoe], Etmekçi Ğatun [La Porteuse de pain/The Bread Peddler], Cinayet Mahsuli [Le Parricide], Paris Sevdaleri [Les amours de Paris], Bikes Yağod Familyadan Mahrumiyet [Sans Famille], Güzel Anjel Yağod Leona [Beautiful Angel or Leona], Seksen Günde Devr-i Alem [Around the World in 80 Days], Gençlere Hediye [A Gift to Young People], and Zevceyne Hediye [Letters to Young People, Single and Married]. The names of the titles are written as they appeared on the covers of the Armeno-Turkish translations. The translators and also publishers mentioned morality in the prefaces of these works, indicating how their selection of the text for translation had been influenced by the moral standards of the society in which they lived. To exemplify how the concept of morality was an important issue that had to be taken into account in novel translations, the article provides citations referencing morality, highlighting themes form these prefaces such as growing up with moral values, teaching morality through novels, preservation of one’s morality, and enhancement of morality.Some conclusions that can be drawn from the research is that the translation strategies and approaches of the Armenian translators and publishers were quite similar to the understanding that occurred in Ottoman translation activities in terms of morality; the Armenian translators and publishers were not disconnected from the 19th-century Ottoman translation approaches and strategies but rather acted as agents adhering to the needs of the period in question. Thus, an interaction can be said to have existed between Armenian and Turkish translators in the context of this study, one which Saliha Paker also mentioned in her article “Translated European Literature in the Late Ottoman Polysystem” (1987).&nbsp;This research has been performed within a limited context over prefaces as paratext. However, due to the scarce amount of research on Armeno-Turkish novel translations in the field of translation studies, this research believes that the field remains largely unexplored and that the amount of research should increase gradually. However, the study is also of the opinion that this limited article already demonstrates how Armeno-Turkish novel translations from European literature had contributed significantly to translation activities during the Tanzimat period, and this study is believed to be able to pave the way for further research on the textual dimension.

Morality in the Translation of Armeno-Turkish Novels

Yeşim

In today’s world, the traditional notion of childhood that used to regard children as miniature adults gave rise to the modern notion of childhood. Therefore, it has been accepted that children differ from adults in terms of their developmental features, world knowledge, skills, and expectations. When children started to be addressed as a subject instead of an object, children’s literature and art for children came up. Moreover, a need for making theatre for children emerged, and children’s theatres were founded (Akyüz, 2019, s. 1164).Theatre plays written for children differ from those written for adults in terms of text structure and language, characters, content, and length. Clarity and plainness in language and content should not mean simplicity. As the principles “suitability for children” and “children’s reality” (Şirin, 2016, p. 24) show, it is significant to use rich and poetic language that improves children’s language development and is not above their reception level in accordance with their developmental features. Besides, as children cannot sit still for a long time as adults can, theatre plays that are shorter, full of movement and action and written with good rhythm and flow will engage their attention.Children’s theatre translation means translating/adapting plays written for children or adults in the source language into the target language for children. As there is a large research gap in this area in both foreign and domestic literature, accepting children’s theatre translation as a specific type of translation and determining its requirements and features would contribute to translation studies.This study includes a children’s theatre play, Bir Yaz Masalı, adapted from A Midsummer Night’s Dream by Shakespeare, the preface written by the translator to the book of the play (2021), and an online interview conducted with the translator herself. The children’s play is analysed in accordance with the steps of translation criticism established in the light of Skopos theory by Hans J. Vermeer (Tellioğlu, 1996). These are the steps used in evaluating the data and reorganised when needed; “(1) the determination of the function of the translated text, (2) the determination of intra-textual coherency of the translated text, (3) the determination of the intra-textual coherency of the original text and (4) the determination of the intertextual coherency of the translated text and the original text” (Tellioğlu, 1996, p. 51-53).In the first step of translation criticism, it is stated that the translator adapted Shakespeare’s play for Turkish children with the purpose of introducing Shakespeare and a classic theatre play to them so that they become familiar with a great English writer and his play, enriching their language via poetic and rich language full of proverbs, idioms, rhymes, lyrics and songs and paving the way for them to turn into selective theatre goers in the future. In the second step, the play is evaluated in terms of its text and language structure, characters, and themes. As a result of this analysis, it is found that the dialogues produce rhyme and movement to engage children’s attention, the language is full of proverbs, idioms, rhymes and lyrics similar to Shakespearean poetic and figurative language, proper names are translated with domestication strategy in a way names point out the characteristics of the characters and the major themes of the original play are kept but changed to some extent taking children’s reception level, inner world and cultural differences into account. In the third step, as the ultimate goal of the study is to evaluate and describe children’s theatre plays and their features and requirements, English play is not analysed but the language of Shakespeare’s plays is described generally and briefly. In the last step of translation criticism, it is determined that the skopos of the children’s play differs from the skopos of the original play, as children’s play is written first for children, which entails different translation strategies and attitudes compared to the plays written for adults.In short, it can be put forward that Emel Bala, a theatre practitioner and translator, creates rich and poetic language in a nondidactic way leading to movement and contributing to children’s language development and follows the principles “suitability for children” and “children’s reality” (Şirin, 2016) both in language and content of the play with also an aesthetic concern. The function of the original play changes when it is adapted or translated for a different target group, in our case, for children. The ultimate goal of this translation or adaptation process is to create a play that both works on stage and on page firstly for children who exhibit various developmental features and have different inner world and world knowledge compared to adults. We put forward that this article will contribute to the field of children’s theatre translation and inspire further research in this field.&nbsp;

An Example of Translation Criticism considering Skopos Theory: Adaptation of W. Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into a Children’s Theatre Play Bir Yaz Masalı

Sanaz

Mohammad

Bridging Cultures through Verse: Shakespearean Sonnets’ Persian Translations Through the Lens of Vinay-Darbelnet’s Model

Sinem

This study focuses on the novel Lady Who by Joan Kim Erkan and its Turkish translation of Kim Bu by Zeynep Avcı. Joan Kim Erkan is a Welsh woman who narrates the last sixty years of Turkey in her novel by blending her personal experiences and stories with the cities of Istanbul and Aydın as background settings. Zeynep Avcı is a well-known translator and author herself, having translated different works.&nbsp;What is interesting about the corpus is that the same publisher published both Turkish and English versions of the work at the same time. Although Lady Who (the English version) was produced as an original work in English, it was analysed as a translation referring to the concept of “watermark translation” launched by Sündüz Öztürk Kasar. The concept refers to a product produced as a result of a mental translation process. The work can be an original text written directly in the native language of the context in which it was published; however, this language is not actually the original language of the context presented in the work. Erkan, a British who came to Turkey after marrying a Turkish man, has actually translated Turkish culture into her native language, English. Thus, her novel goes from the context of abroad to the context of home, where she wants to recount the realities of a foreign culture to those sharing the same language and culture as herself. In addition, the translation of this work into Turkish by Zeynep Avcı is much more interesting, and its process is different from other literary translations, since this Turkish translation can be analysed as a return to its original culture. Thus, Kim Bu, the Turkish version, was examined in line with the concept of "retro-translation" again proposed by Öztürk Kasar.Considering the characteristics of watermark translation, the cultural features inherent in source and target texts have been comparatively analysed under the headings of proper names, forms of address, idioms and phrases, historical features, religious features, and cultural features related to food, social life, traditions, and customs. How the author (the watermark translator) conveys these elements of Turkish culture to the English reader, and thus how the work is positioned as a translation, as well as the characteristics of its Turkish retro-translation, are examined with a descriptive approach.In the analysis, after briefly describing the author (watermark translator) and the translator, the concepts of watermark translation and retro-translation are explained in detail in order to contextualise the study. The studies in which these concepts are discussed are briefly listed, and reflections on these concepts in our corpus are provided.&nbsp;Secondly, the cultural features are categorised, referring to other research focused on watermark translation. These sub-categories include proper names, forms of address, idioms and phrases, historical features, religious features and cultural features related to food, social life, traditions and customs. These are comparatively examined in the English and Turkish versions of the novel. Because of space constraints, the study selected the most representative examples out of the entire corpus.&nbsp;After this comparative analysis, the findings related to the concept of watermark translation and retro-translation are presented. Finally, a general conclusion is presented by evaluating the findings. Ultimately, it is concluded that the author-translator’s mental translation can be observed in the Turkish version of the novel in terms of borrowed Turkish words, their explanations, additions, and footnotes, while deletions of these features in the English version underline the characteristics of a retro-translation. Thus, once more, it becomes clear that the enlarged meaning of translation encompasses numerous distinct facets.

Kim Bu: A Study of Joan Kim Erkan’s Novel Lady Who as a Watermark Translation and its Retro-translation into Turkish

Eshabil

Deniz Dilşad

The objective of this study is to examine the translations of Italian literary work titles into Ottoman Turkish as presented in the book entitled “İtalyan Tarih-i Edebiyatı” (History of Italian Literature), which stands as the first documenting the history of Italian literature within Turkish cultural and literary discourse. Karakartal and Arslan translated the Ottoman Turkish text originally penned in Arabic script into Latin script, culminating in its publication in 2012. Within this literary inquiry, M. Rauf divideded Italian literature into four distinct periods. Additionally, he provides insights into select poets and authors whom he deems significant, often presenting translated excerpts of their compositions in Ottoman Turkish, occasionally merely referencing authors’ names and their respective works.The theoretical framework for this article is outlined by the “preliminary norms” of Gideon Toury, who argued that translation, of any type, is a norm-driven activity and states that the determining factor for the equivalence relationship between the target text and the source text is translation norms. He argued that these norms apply to every stage of the translation process. By categorising norms into two groups -“preliminary norms” and “operational norms”- the translation scholar also discusses the concept of “initial norms” as an “explanatory tool.” Through this concept, Toury asserts the possibility of explaining the dichotomy between adequacy and acceptability and highlights the fact that it is possible to establish a general preference concerning the path followed in translation and that “implemented translation decisions” are established by a mixture of the extremes of adequacy and acceptability indicated by the preliminary norms, or decisions that reach a compromise between these extremes as a result of the current situation. According to Toury, the translation policy involves the selection of types of texts to be imported into a specific culture or language at a given time, including the selection of individual texts. “Preliminary norms” comprise two interconnected groups: those related to the nature and existence of a translation policy, and those related to the directness of translation. Directness refers to the choice to translate into the target language through an intermediate language or directly from the original source language. Another normative complex consists of the “norms of the translation process”, which Toury defined as the rules that guide decisions made during the act of translation. These norms guide the dynamics of change and invariability between the source text and the target text. This concept is further divided into the two categories called “matricial norms” and “textual-linguistic norms”. According to Toury, matrix norms influence the presence, position in the text, and segmentation of material in the target language, which replaces material in the source language.With the use of this methodological approach in this contribution, we intend to comprehensively and accurately analyse the translations and/or adaptations into Ottoman Turkish of the titles of Italian literary works found in the book “İtalyan Tarih-i Edebiyatı” by M. Rauf, thus providing a significant perspective on the reception and understanding of Italian literature in the Ottoman Turkish cultural universe of the period.In this article, M. Rauf’s Arabic script text was considered as the target text, and when necessary, Karakartal’s other works were also consulted. In this article, it was decided to use the original text in Arabic characters, and not Karakartal and Arslan’s transliteration, as the main source because it represents the true reference text for the analysis of the translation of the titles of the works and the anthologized texts. Names written in Arabic characters in the original text are highlighted in bold, those in Latin characters are in italics, and titles of works for which only the Turkish translation is provided without indicating the Italian version are presented in square brackets ([...]). The authors’ names of the studies that were not mentioned have not been included. The names of the works given in the target text are given in the order in which they appear in M. Rauf’s work. At the end of his work, M. Rauf indicated his sources in the “me’hazlarımız” (bibliography) and listed the reference materials used in the preparation of his work. Among the sources used, some were in English, some in French, and some in Italian. Accordingly, regarding the question of directness, taking into consideration the languages of the sources that the author/translator listed and turned to in the preparation of his work, it can be seen that both French and English were used as intermediate languages, in addition to Italian as the main language. The use of the intermediate language is evident not only in the reference documents the author/translator referred to but also in the examples detailed and examined in the analysis section of this paper.

An Investigation into the Horizon of “Preliminary Norms in Translation”: Denominations of Works in Italian to Ottoman Turkish in M. Rauf’s “İtalyan Tarih-i Edebiyatı” (History of Italian Literature)

@JOURNAL_BOX_CURRENT

@JOURNAL_BOX_EARLYVIEW

Hossein

Armin

Amir

TRANSLATION CREATIVITY: ANALYZING THE DEGREE OF USING CREATIVE STRATEGIES IN TRANSLATING IRANIAN TOURISM WEBSITES AND BROCHURES

@JOURNAL_BOX_FEATURED

ON THE ACQUISITION OF CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN TRANSLATOR TRAINING

@JOURNAL_BOX_MOSTREAD

Istanbul University Journal of Translation Studies - İstanbul Üniversitesi Çeviribilim Dergisi, which is the official publication of Istanbul University, Faculty of Letters is an open access, peer-reviewed, multilingual, scholarly and international journal published two times a year in May and November. It was founded in 2001. The print version of the journal has been stopped as of 2022; the publication continues as an electronic only journal.

EBSCO

ERIH PLUS

TR Dizin

DOAJ

SOBIAD

Gale Cengage

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@METRIC_ISSUES

@METRIC_ARTICLES

@METRIC_OPENACCESS

Istanbul University Journal of Translation Studies

@INFO_TAB_ABOUT

Editor in Chief

Co Editor in Chief

Language Editor

Editorial Board Member

@INFO_TAB_BOARDS

Harking back to regional translation as a phenomenon which derives from the relations between not only the East and West but also the North and South, it intends to deal with the rich heritage in the light of the contemporary theories of translation studies and thereby enrich the international cultural mosaic of the world by adding to it her own authentic colours. Accordingly, it aims at functioning as a means of transferring knowledge from the rich translation experience of Turkey and her neighbourhood to the international arena instead of importing knowledge from international journals. Considering the current trend of the hegemony of English in international journals as well as the close relationship of “translation” with language and culture, it deliberately prefers to stay away from monolingualism and adopts the policy of multilingualism by making use of such languages as Turkish, English, German and French. Within the framework of its principles, it abides by the main terms of scientificity listed as follows: originality, clarity, systematicity, empricity as well as its potential to address the universal academic environment.The journal mainly covers the areas of Comparative Translation Studies, Translation Theory, Ethics of Translation, Translation Criticism, Translator Training, History of Translation, Professionalism, Information Technologies, Domain-specific Translation and Interdisciplinary Studies on translations.It is also open to translation-oriented studies which deal with comparative cultural and literary studies. The journal includes research articles, review articles, reviews of books and notices of translation activities.

Aim and Scope

TR IndexDOAJEBSCO Humanities SourceEBCSO Central &amp; Eastern European Academic SourceSOBİADERIH PLUS<a href="https://go.gale.com/ps/dispAdvSearch.do?userGroupName=anon~84c5a0c7&amp;prodId=AONE" target="_blank">Gale Cengage</a>

Indexing and Abstracting

The journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> The subjects covered in the manuscripts submitted to the Journal for publication must be in accordance with the aim and scope of the Journal. Only those manuscripts approved by every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Changing the name of an author (omission, addition or order) in papers submitted to the Journal requires written permission of all declared authors.Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unethical behaviors. All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. Plagiarism Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. If plagiarism/self-plagiarism will be found authors will be informed. Editors may resubmit manuscript for similarity check at any peer-review or production stage if required. High similarity scores may lead to rejection of a manuscript before and even after acceptance. Depending on the type of article and the percentage of similarity score taken from each article, the overall similarity score is generally expected to be less than 15 or 20%. Double Blind Peer-Review After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the editors-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope. The editor provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles and hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

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The journal is an open access journal and all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Except for commercial purposes, users are allowed to read, download, copy, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read" target="_blank">BOAI</a> definition of open access.The open access articles in the journal are licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en" target="_blank">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>) license.

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Editor should consider publishing correction if minor errors that do not effect the results, interpretations and conclusions of the published paper are detected. Editor should consider retraction if major errors and/or misconduction that invalidate results and conclusions are detected.Editor should consider issuing an expression of concern if there is evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors; there is evidence that the findings are not reliable and institutions of the authors do not investigate the case or the possible investigation seems to be unfair or nonconclusive. The guidelines of <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts/complete-set-english" target="_blank">COPE</a> and <a href="https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/" target="_blank">ICJME </a>are taken into consideration regarding correction, retractions or expression of concern.

To guarantee that all papers published in the journal are maintained and permanently accessible, articles are stored in Dergipark which serves as a  national archival web site and at the same time permits LOCKSS to  collect, preserve, and serve the content.Additionally, authors are encouraged to self-archive the final PDF version of their articles in open electronic archives with  that conform to standards of Open Archives Initiative (<a href="https://www.openarchives.org/" target="_blank">https://www.openarchives.org/</a>). Authors should provide a link from the deposited version to the URL of IUPress journal website.

I.U. Journal of Translation Studies is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and pays regard to Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing published by the <a href="https://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="https://doaj.org/apply/transparency/#principles-of-transparency-and-best-practice-in-scholarly-publishing" target="_blank">Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</a>, to access the <a href="https://oaspa.org/" target="_blank">Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA)</a>, and the <a href="https://www.wame.org/" target="_blank">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> on <a href="https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing" style="font-size: 10pt;" target="_blank">https://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines-new/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing</a> All parties involved in the publishing process (Editors, Reviewers, Authors and Publisher) are expected to agree on the following ethical principles.All submissions must be original, unpublished (including as full text in conference proceedings), and not under the review of any other publication synchronously. Each manuscript is reviewed by one of the editors and at least two referees under double-blind peer review process. Plagiarism, duplication, fraud authorship/denied authorship, research/data fabrication, salami slicing/salami publication, breaching of copyrights, prevailing conflict of interest are unnethical behaviors.All manuscripts not in accordance with the accepted ethical standards will be removed from the publication. This also contains any possible malpractice discovered after the publication. In accordance with the code of conduct we will report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing.

Ethics

I.U. Journal of Translation Studies adheres to the highest standards in research ethics and follows the principles of international research ethics as defined below. The authors are responsible for the compliance of the manuscripts with the ethical rules.<ul><li>Principles of integrity, quality and transparency should be sustained in designing the research, reviewing the design and conducting the research.</li><li>The research team and participants should be fully informed about the aim, methods, possible uses and requirements of the research and risks of participation in research.</li><li>The confidentiality of the information provided by the research participants and the confidentiality of the respondents should be ensured. The research should be designed to protect the autonomy and dignity of the participants.</li><li>Research participants should participate in the research voluntarily, not under any coercion.</li><li>Any possible harm to participants must be avoided. The research should be planned in such a way that the participants are not at risk.</li><li>The independence of research must be clear; and any conflict of interest must be disclosed.</li><li>In experimental studies with human subjects, written informed consent of the participants who decide to participate in the research must be obtained. In the case of children and those under wardship or with confirmed insanity, legal custodian’s assent must be obtained.</li><li>If the study is to be carried out in any institution or organization, approval must be obtained from this institution or organization.</li><li>In studies with human subject, it must be noted in the method’s section of the manuscript that the informed consent of the participants and ethics committee approval from the institution where the study has been conducted have been obtained.</li></ul>

It is authors’ responsibility to ensure that the article is in accordance with scientific and ethical standards and rules. And authors must ensure that submitted work is original. They must certify that the manuscript has not previously been published elsewhere or is not currently being considered for publication elsewhere, in any language. Applicable copyright laws and conventions must be followed. Copyright material (e.g. tables, figures or extensive quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. Any work or words of other authors, contributors, or sources must be appropriately credited and referenced.All the authors of a submitted manuscript must have direct scientific and academic contribution to the manuscript. The author(s) of the original research articles is defined as a person who is significantly involved in “conceptualization and design of the study”, “collecting the data”, “analyzing the data”, “writing the manuscript”, “reviewing the manuscript with a critical perspective” and “planning/conducting the study of the manuscript and/or revising it”. Fund raising, data collection or supervision of the research group are not sufficient roles to be accepted as an author. The author(s) must meet all these criteria described above. The order of names in the author list of an article must be a co-decision and it must be indicated in the <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/3B8341B62E504DCFA05E4F535508091C" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form.</a> The individuals who do not meet the authorship criteria but contributed to the study must take place in the acknowledgement section. Individuals providing technical support, assisting writing, providing a general support, providing material or financial support are examples to be indicated in acknowledgement section.All authors must disclose all issues concerning financial relationship, conflict of interest, and competing interest that may potentially influence the results of the research or scientific judgment.When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published paper, it is the author’s obligation to promptly cooperate with the Editor to provide retractions or corrections of mistakes.

Editor-in-Chief evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors. He/She provides a fair double-blind peer review of the submitted articles for publication and ensures that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential before publishing.Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the contents and overall quality of the publication, and must publish errata pages or make corrections when needed.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers, and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Reviewers must have no conflict of interest with respect to the research, the authors and/or the research funders. Their judgments must be objective.Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees must be ensured. In particular situations, the editor may share the review of one reviewer with other reviewers to clarify a particular point.

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by editor-in-chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.The editor hands over the papers matching the formal rules to at least two national/international referees for double-blind peer review evaluation and gives green light for publication upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.

Peer Review

Only those manuscripts approved by its every individual author and that were not published before in or sent to another journal, are accepted for evaluation.Submitted manuscripts that pass preliminary control are scanned for plagiarism using iThenticate software. After plagiarism check, the eligible ones are evaluated by the Editor-in-Chief for their originality, methodology, the importance of the subject covered and compliance with the journal scope.Editor evaluates manuscripts for their scientific content without regard to ethnic origin, gender, citizenship, religious belief or political philosophy of the authors and ensures a fair double-blind peer review of the selected manuscripts.The selected manuscripts are sent to at least two national/international external referees for evaluation and publication decision is given by Editor-in-Chief upon modification by the authors in accordance with the referees’ claims.Editor-in-Chief does not allow any conflicts of interest between the authors, editors and reviewers and is responsible for final decision for publication of the manuscripts in the journal.Referees are obliged to notify within a week if they want to arbitrate. Otherwise, another referee is appointed.The referee must deliver the evaluation report within one month. If the referee fails to submit the report within this period, the referee's duty will end. In this case, another referee is appointed for evaluation.Reviewers’ judgments must be objective. Reviewers’ comments on the following aspects are expected while conducting the review.- Does the manuscript contain new and significant information?- Does the abstract clearly and accurately describe the content of the manuscript?- Is the problem significant and concisely stated?- Are the methods described comprehensively?- Are the interpretations and consclusions justified by the results?- Is adequate references made to other Works in the field?- Is the language acceptable?Reviewers must ensure that all the information related to submitted manuscripts is kept as confidential and must report to the editor if they are aware of copyright infringement and plagiarism on the author’s side.A reviewer who feels unqualified to review the topic of a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.The editor informs the reviewers that the manuscripts are confidential information and that this is a privileged interaction. The reviewers and editorial board cannot discuss the manuscripts with other persons. The anonymity of the referees is important.

LanguageArticles in Turkish, English, German and French are published. Submitted manuscript must include an abstract both in the article language and in English, and an extended abstract in English as well. However extended abstract in English is not required for articles in English.Manuscript Organization and SubmissionAll correspondence will be sent to the first-named author unless otherwise specified. Manuscpript is to be submitted online via <a href="http://dergipark.gov.tr/login" target="_blank">http://dergipark.gov.tr/login</a> that can be accessed at <a href="https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuceviri" target="_blank">https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuceviri</a> and it must be accompanied by a <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/8900E1F36E434F9C972A9F54E8E93688" target="_blank">Title Page</a> specifying the article category (i.e. research article, review etc.) and including information about the manuscript (see the Submission Checklist). Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word 2003 and upper versions. In addition, <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/3B8341B62E504DCFA05E4F535508091C" target="_blank">Copyright Agreement Form</a> that has to be signed by all authors must be submitted.1. The manuscripts should be in A4 paper standards: having 2.5 cm margins from right, left, bottom and top, Times New Roman font style in 10 font size and line spacing of 1.5. Due to double blind peer review, the main manuscript document must not include any author information.2. A <a href="https://cdn.istanbul.edu.tr/file/JTA6CLJ8T5/8900E1F36E434F9C972A9F54E8E93688" target="_blank">title page</a> including author information must be submitted together with the manuscript. The title page is to include fully descriptive title of the manuscript and, affiliation, title, e-mail address, postal address and phone number of the author(s) (see The Submission Checklist).3. Before the introduction part, there should be an abstract between 180 and 200 words in Turkish and English and an extended abstract only in English between 600-800 words, summarizing the scope, the purpose, the results of the study and the methodology used. Underneath the abstracts, five keywords that inform the reader about the content of the study should be specified in Turkish and in English. Extended abstract in English is required only for non-English manuscripts.4. The manuscripts should contain mainly these components: title, abstract and keywords; extended abstract in English, sections, end notes and references.5. Research article sections are ordered as follows: “INTRODUCTION”, “AIM AND METHODOLOGY”, “FINDINGS”, “DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION”, “ENDNOTES” and “REFERENCES” and “TABLES AND FIGURES”. For review and commentary articles, the article should start with the “INTRODUCTION” section where the purpose and the method is mentioned, go on with the other sections; and it should be finished with “DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION” section followed by “ENDNOTES”, “REFERENCES” and “TABLES AND FIGURES”.6. Tables, graphs and figures can be given with a number and a defining title.7. References should be in accordance with <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org/" target="_blank">American Psychological Association (APA) style 6th Edition.</a>8. Authors are responsible for all statements made in their work submitted to the Journal for publication.

Author Guidelines

I.U. Journal of Translation Studies complies with APA (American Psychological Association) style 6th Edition for referencing and quoting. For more information: - American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.- <a href="http://www.apastyle.org" target="_blank">http://www.apastyle.org</a>Accuracy of citation is the author’s responsibility. All references should be cited in text. Reference list must be in alphabetical order. Type references in the style shown below.Citations in the Text Citations must be indicated with the author surname and publication year within the parenthesis. If more than one citation is made within the same paranthesis, separate them with (;).Samples:More than one citation; (Esin et al., 2002; Karasar, 1995)Citation with one author; (Akyolcu, 2007)Citation with two authors; (Sayıner &amp; Demirci, 2007)Citation with three, four, five authors; First citation in the text: (Ailen, Ciambrune, &amp; Welch, 2000) Subsequent citations in the text: (Ailen et al., 2000)Citations with more than six authors; (Çavdar et al., 2003)Citations in the ReferenceAll the citations done in the text should be listed in the References section in alphabetical order of author surname without numbering. Below given examples should be considered in citing the references.Basic Reference TypesBooka) Turkish Book Karasar, N. (1995). Araştırmalarda rapor hazırlama (8th ed.) [Preparing research reports]. Ankara, Turkey: 3A Eğitim Danışmanlık Ltd.b) Book Translated into Turkish Mucchielli, A. (1991). Zihniyetler [Mindsets] (A. Kotil, Trans.). İstanbul, Turkey: İletişim Yayınları.c) Edited Book Ören, T., Üney, T., &amp; Çölkesen, R. (Eds.). (2006). Türkiye bilişim ansiklopedisi [Turkish encyclopedia of informatics]. İstanbul, Turkey: Papatya Yayıncılık.d) Turkish Book with Multiple Authors Tonta, Y., Bitirim, Y., &amp; Sever, H. (2002). Türkçe arama motorlarında performans değerlendirme [Performance evaluation in Turkish search engines]. Ankara, Turkey: Total Bilişim.e) Book in English Kamien R., &amp; Kamien A. (2014). Music: An appreciation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.f) Chapter in an Edited Book Bassett, C. (2006). Cultural studies and new media. In G. Hall &amp; C. Birchall (Eds.), New cultural studies: Adventures in theory (pp. 220–237). Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press.g) Chapter in an Edited Book in Turkish Erkmen, T. (2012). Örgüt kültürü: Fonksiyonları, öğeleri, işletme yönetimi ve liderlikteki önemi [Organization culture: Its functions, elements and importance in leadership and business management]. In M. Zencirkıran (Ed.), Örgüt sosyolojisi [Organization sociology] (pp. 233–263). Bursa, Turkey: Dora Basım Yayın.h) Book with the same organization as author and publisher American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the American psychological association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.Articlea) Turkish Article Mutlu, B., &amp; Savaşer, S. (2007). Çocuğu ameliyat sonrası yoğun bakımda olan ebeveynlerde stres nedenleri ve azaltma girişimleri [Source and intervention reduction of stress for parents whose children are in intensive care unit after surgery]. Istanbul University Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 15(60), 179–182.b) English Article de Cillia, R., Reisigl, M., &amp; Wodak, R. (1999). The discursive construction of national identity. 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Istanbul University Journal of Translation Studies

ISSUE 14, 2021

Rewritten Texts: Comparative Analysis of Sirça Kümes and Sirça Hayvan Koleksiyonu in the Context of Theater Translation

Society Transformed and Translated in Digital Environment: A Netnographic Approach to Digital Media Translation Practices of Bulgarian Turks

The Traces of Linguistics in Translation Studies

Language Industry and the Translation Profession: A Questionnaire for the Undergraduate Students of the Translation Studies Department

Yağ Tulumu: The Sociological Dimension of a Transformation

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